Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2018 Oct;53(10):1436-1441. doi: 10.1002/ppul.24133. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) patients have higher incidence of sleep disordered breathing which lead neurocognitive impairments such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It may effect academic performance of children and may cause impairment in emotional relationships. This study aim to evaluate hyperactivity and attention deficiency in PCD patients and investigate the relationship between sleep and hyperactivity and attention deficiency in PCD patients.
Fifteen PCD patients aged 8-18 years and 31 age-matched healthy controls were compared. Ear, nose, and throat examination and home sleep testing were performed in PCD patients. Pediatric sleep questionnaire, Conners' Parents and Teacher scale and Stroop test were applied in both groups in order to investigate the relation between sleep disordered breathing and ADHD in PCD children.
PCD patients had chronic rhinosinusitis (100%), tonsillar hypertrophy (80%) and adenoidal hypertrophy (60%). FEF25-75 was low in pulmonary function test. Sixty percent of the PCD patients had mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in home sleep testing. Mean AHI was 1.54 ± 0.27. Compared with the controls PCD patients had higher PSQ scores. Hyperactivity scores on Conners' Parents scale and inattention findings in Stroop test were higher in PCD patients than the healthy controls (P < 0.05).
Most of PCD children had mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Hyperactivity and inattention findings were higher in PCD patients. Sleep disordered breathing assessment should be a routine part of PCD patients management and these patients should be carefully monitored in terms of hyperactivity and inattention.
原发性纤毛运动障碍（PCD）患者睡眠呼吸障碍的发生率较高，导致注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）等神经认知障碍。这可能会影响儿童的学业成绩，并导致情绪关系受损。本研究旨在评估 PCD 患者的多动和注意力缺陷，并探讨 PCD 患者睡眠与多动和注意力缺陷之间的关系。
比较了 15 名 8-18 岁的 PCD 患者和 31 名年龄匹配的健康对照组。对 PCD 患者进行耳鼻喉检查和家庭睡眠测试。对两组患者均应用儿童睡眠问卷、康纳斯父母和教师量表和斯特鲁普测验，以调查 PCD 儿童睡眠呼吸障碍与 ADHD 之间的关系。
PCD 患者均患有慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（100%）、扁桃体肥大（80%）和腺样体肥大（60%）。肺功能检查中 FEF25-75 较低。家庭睡眠测试中 60%的 PCD 患者患有轻度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。平均 AHI 为 1.54±0.27。与对照组相比，PCD 患者的 PSQ 评分更高。与健康对照组相比，PCD 患者的康纳斯父母量表多动评分和斯特鲁普测验注意力缺陷发现更高（P<0.05）。
大多数 PCD 儿童患有轻度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。PCD 患者多动和注意力缺陷发现更高。应将睡眠呼吸障碍评估作为 PCD 患者管理的常规部分，应密切监测这些患者的多动和注意力缺陷。
