Formoso-Rafferty Nora, de la Flor Miguel, Gutiérrez Juan Pablo, Cervantes Isabel
Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Producción Animal, UCM, Madrid, Spain.
J Anim Breed Genet. 2018 Oct;135(5):378-389. doi: 10.1111/jbg.12345. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
Sustainability has come to play an important role in agricultural production. A way to combine efficiency with sustainability might be by searching for robust animals that can be selected for the homogeneity of certain traits. Furthermore, the optimization of feed efficiency is one of the challenges to improve livestock genetics programmes, but this might compromise reproductive efficiency. Animals from two divergent mouse lines, regarding variability of birthweight, were used to check whether homogeneity was also related to both feed and reproductive efficiency. The objective of this study was to use these divergent lines of mice to compare them with their feed efficiency and the reproductive capacity. Animal weight, weight gain, feed intake, relative intake and cumulated transformation index were considered as feed efficiency traits. Animals from the low line had both lower weight and feed intake from 21 to 56 days. They had a worse transforming index in the three last weeks when litter size was fitted as an effect of the model, but the lines become similar if the higher litter size of the low line was not included. Reproductively, the low line performed better considering the number of females having parturitions, the number of parturitions, and with higher litter size and survival in both parturitions. Hence, the low variability line was preferred because of reproductive efficiency without seriously affecting its feed efficiency. Homogeneity seemed to be related to robustness with similar feed efficiency but higher reproductive efficiency.
可持续性在农业生产中已发挥重要作用。将效率与可持续性相结合的一种方法可能是寻找能够因其某些性状的同质性而被选择的健壮动物。此外，优化饲料效率是改进家畜遗传计划面临的挑战之一，但这可能会损害繁殖效率。使用来自两个出生体重变异性不同的小鼠品系的动物来检验同质性是否也与饲料效率和繁殖效率相关。本研究的目的是利用这些不同品系的小鼠，比较它们的饲料效率和繁殖能力。动物体重、体重增加、采食量、相对采食量和累积转化指数被视为饲料效率性状。低品系的动物在第21至56天体重和采食量均较低。当将窝仔数作为模型效应进行拟合时，它们在最后三周的转化指数较差，但如果不包括低品系较高的窝仔数，则两个品系变得相似。在繁殖方面，考虑到产仔的雌性数量、产仔数以及两胎的窝仔数和存活率，低品系表现更好。因此，低变异性品系因其繁殖效率而更受青睐，且未严重影响其饲料效率。同质性似乎与健壮性有关，饲料效率相似但繁殖效率更高。
