a Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Medicine , The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla , CA , USA.
b Unidade Corino de Andrade , Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto , Portugal.
Amyloid. 2018 Jun;25(2):120-128. doi: 10.1080/13506129.2018.1479249. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis associated with the TTRV30M (p.TTRV50M) mutation presents predominantly as an axonal polyneuropathy, with variable involvement of other organs. Serious central nervous system (CNS) and eye manifestations, including stroke, dementia, vitreous opacities and glaucoma, have been reported in untreated V30M TTR amyloidosis patients, and in these patients after treatment with liver transplantation (LT). Distinct therapies for V30M TTR amyloidosis developed during the last decade exhibit promising results in slowing the peripheral and autonomic nervous system pathology. However, the effect of these therapies on the CNS and eye manifestations of V30M TTR amyloidosis is not known. Herein, we show that in a small cohort of patients taking tafamidis orally (20 mg tafamidis meglumine daily) we could detect this small molecule in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the vitreous body. In the CSF, the ratio of TTR tetramer to tafamidis was ≈2:1, leading to a moderate kinetic stabilization of TTR in the CSF of these patients. Our data suggest that tafamidis can cross the CSF-blood and eye-blood barriers. Future studies comparing CNS and eye manifestations in patients treated with LT, kinetic stabilizers or TTR lowering drugs are essential to understand the clinical effect of our observations.
与 TTRV30M(p.TTRV50M)突变相关的遗传性转甲状腺素蛋白(TTR)淀粉样变性主要表现为轴索性多发性神经病,其他器官也有不同程度的受累。未经治疗的 V30M TTR 淀粉样变性患者和接受肝移植(LT)治疗后的患者,已有严重的中枢神经系统(CNS)和眼部表现,包括中风、痴呆、玻璃体混浊和青光眼的报道。在过去十年中,针对 V30M TTR 淀粉样变性开发的不同治疗方法在减缓周围和自主神经系统病变方面显示出良好的效果。然而,这些治疗方法对 V30M TTR 淀粉样变性的 CNS 和眼部表现的影响尚不清楚。在此,我们展示了在一小部分接受口服他法米汀(每天 20mg 他法米汀 meglumine)治疗的患者中,我们可以在脑脊液(CSF)和玻璃体中检测到这种小分子。在 CSF 中,TTR 四聚体与他法米汀的比例约为 2:1,导致这些患者 CSF 中的 TTR 得到适度的动力学稳定。我们的数据表明,他法米汀可以穿过 CSF-血液和眼-血液屏障。未来比较 LT、动力学稳定剂或 TTR 降低药物治疗患者的 CNS 和眼部表现的研究,对于理解我们观察结果的临床意义至关重要。