IEEE Rev Biomed Eng. 2018;11:177-194. doi: 10.1109/RBME.2018.2807182. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
Gait analysis continues to be an important technique for many clinical applications to diagnose and monitor certain diseases. Many mental and physical abnormalities cause measurable differences in a person's gait. Gait analysis has applications in sport, computer games, physical rehabilitation, clinical assessment, surveillance, human recognition, modeling, and many other fields. There are established methods using various sensors for gait analysis, of which accelerometers are one of the most often employed. Accelerometer sensors are generally more user friendly and less invasive. In this paper, we review research regarding accelerometer sensors used for gait analysis with particular focus on clinical applications. We provide a brief introduction to accelerometer theory followed by other popular sensing technologies. Commonly used gait phases and parameters are enumerated. The details of selecting the papers for review are provided. We also review several gait analysis software. Then we provide an extensive report of accelerometry-based gait analysis systems and applications, with additional emphasis on trunk accelerometry. We conclude this review with future research directions.
步态分析仍然是许多临床应用中用于诊断和监测某些疾病的重要技术。许多精神和身体异常会导致人的步态产生可测量的差异。步态分析在运动、计算机游戏、物理康复、临床评估、监控、人员识别、建模等许多领域都有应用。已经有使用各种传感器进行步态分析的既定方法，其中加速度计是最常用的传感器之一。加速度计传感器通常更便于用户使用，且侵入性更小。在本文中，我们回顾了用于步态分析的加速度计传感器的研究，特别关注临床应用。我们首先简要介绍了加速度计理论，然后介绍了其他流行的传感技术。列举了常用的步态阶段和参数。提供了选择要审查的论文的详细信息。我们还回顾了几种步态分析软件。然后，我们提供了基于加速度计的步态分析系统和应用的广泛报告，特别强调了躯干加速度计。最后，我们提出了未来的研究方向。
