Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu-city, Oita, Japan.
Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchikami-machi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2018 Jul 3;79(4):17m11516. doi: 10.4088/JCP.17m11516.
To clarify the incidence of predictive risk factors for poor mental health status in Japanese adolescents.
In 2010, baseline surveys of first-year junior and senior high school students were conducted at 10 randomly selected junior high schools and 14 senior high schools in Japan. After 2 years, follow-up surveys were conducted on the same students. For both surveys, a self-administered questionnaire about mental health status and lifestyle, General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), was provided to the students.
In total, 1,304 junior and 4,383 senior high school students were enrolled at the start of the study, and 776 junior and 2,697 senior high school students responded to both surveys. The new incidence of poor mental health status (GHQ-12 ≥ 4 points), determined by changes between the baseline and follow-up surveys, was 17.1% (95% CI, 13.9% to 20.3%) of junior high school students and 22.6% (95% CI, 20.5% to 24.7%) of senior high school students. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, in junior high school students, factors associated with the onset of poor mental health were not participating in sports activities (adjusted odds ratio, 3.13; P = .035) and spending ≥ 2 hours per day studying outside of school (2.18; P = .010). In senior high school students, factors associated with the onset of poor mental health were female sex (2.51; P < .001), difficulty initiating sleep (3.38; P < .001), poor sleep quality (1.83; P = .034), poor appetite (3.43; P = .011), spending less than 2 hours per day watching television (1.37; P = .038), being a victim of bullying (2.46; P = .011), and not having a sympathetic supporter (1.72; P = .006).
The findings of this study are valuable for formulating approaches aimed at addressing adolescent mental health.
阐明日本青少年心理健康不良的预测风险因素的发生率。
2010 年，在日本随机选择的 10 所初中和 14 所高中对一年级的初中和高中生进行了基线调查。两年后，对同一批学生进行了随访调查。在这两项调查中，学生们都收到了一份关于心理健康状况和生活方式的自我管理问卷，即一般健康问卷-12（GHQ-12）。
共有 1304 名初中生和 4383 名高中生在研究开始时入学，776 名初中生和 2697 名高中生对两项调查均作出了回应。根据基线和随访调查的变化，新出现的心理健康不良状况（GHQ-12≥4 分）在初中生中的发生率为 17.1%（95%可信区间，13.9%至 20.3%），在高中生中的发生率为 22.6%（95%可信区间，20.5%至 24.7%）。根据多因素逻辑回归分析，在初中生中，与心理健康不良发生相关的因素包括不参加体育活动（调整后的优势比，3.13；P=0.035）和每天在校外学习≥2 小时（2.18；P=0.010）。在高中生中，与心理健康不良发生相关的因素包括女性（2.51；P＜0.001）、入睡困难（3.38；P＜0.001）、睡眠质量差（1.83；P=0.034）、食欲不振（3.43；P=0.011）、每天看电视时间少于 2 小时（1.37；P=0.038）、遭受欺凌（2.46；P=0.011）和没有同情支持者（1.72；P=0.006）。
本研究的结果对于制定解决青少年心理健康问题的方法具有重要价值。
