Sugimoto Hikaru, Tsukiura Takashi
Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University.
Brain Nerve. 2018 Jul;70(7):753-761. doi: 10.11477/mf.1416201076.
Social memory is a form of episodic memories in multiple domains of social context. Functional neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays an important role in social memories. However, little is known about the dissociable roles within mPFC in social memories. The purpose of this article was to summarize functional neuroimaging studies investigating social memories, and to propose a hypothetical model regarding the contribution of mPFC sub-regions to social memories. In this article, we divided mPFC into three sub-regions of the orbital, ventral, and dorsal regions. Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that the orbital mPFC (orbitofrontal cortex) contributes to the reward process in episodic memory, and that the reward-related activation is identified in primary, secondary, and social rewards. A role of the ventral mPFC has been found in the self-referential process, and the encoding operation of this process produces the self-reference effect in episodic memory. Activation in the dorsal mPFC has been observed in high demanding processes including cognitive control and in social cognition such as impression formation for others during episodic encoding and retrieval. The interactive mechanisms within three sub-regions of mPFC and between mPFC and the medial temporal lobe could contribute to social memories.
社会记忆是社会背景多个领域中情景记忆的一种形式。功能神经影像学研究表明，内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）在社会记忆中起重要作用。然而，关于mPFC在社会记忆中的可分离作用却知之甚少。本文的目的是总结研究社会记忆的功能神经影像学研究，并提出一个关于mPFC亚区域对社会记忆贡献的假设模型。在本文中，我们将mPFC分为眶部、腹侧和背侧三个亚区域。功能神经影像学研究表明，眶部mPFC（眶额皮质）有助于情景记忆中的奖赏过程，并且在初级、次级和社会奖赏中都能识别出与奖赏相关的激活。腹侧mPFC在自我参照过程中发挥作用，该过程的编码操作在情景记忆中产生自我参照效应。在包括认知控制在内的高要求过程以及情景编码和检索过程中对他人的印象形成等社会认知中，都观察到背侧mPFC的激活。mPFC三个亚区域之间以及mPFC与内侧颞叶之间的交互机制可能有助于社会记忆。
