Krisa Laura, Runyen Madeline, Detloff Megan Ryan
Department of Occupational Therapy, Jefferson College of Health Professions, Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Department of Physical Therapy, Jefferson College of Health Professions, Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2018 Summer;24(3):195-205. doi: 10.1310/sci2403-195.
There are approximately 17,500 new spinal cord injury (SCI) cases each year in the United States, with the majority of cases resulting from a traumatic injury. Damage to the spinal cord causes either temporary or permanent changes in sensorimotor function. Given that the majority of human SCIs occur in the cervical spinal level, the experimental animal models of forelimb dysfunction play a large role in the ability to translate basic science research to clinical application. However, the variation in the design of clinical and basic science studies of forelimb/upper extremity (UE) function prevents the ease of translation. This review provides an overview of experimental models of forelimb dysfunction used in SCI research with special emphasis on the rat model of SCI. The anatomical location and types of experimental cervical lesions, functional assessments, and rehabilitation strategies used in the basic science laboratory are reviewed. Finally, we discuss the challenges of translating animal models of forelimb dysfunction to the clinical SCI human population.
在美国，每年约有17,500例新的脊髓损伤（SCI）病例，其中大多数病例是由创伤性损伤引起的。脊髓损伤会导致感觉运动功能出现暂时或永久性变化。鉴于大多数人类脊髓损伤发生在颈椎水平，前肢功能障碍的实验动物模型在将基础科学研究转化为临床应用的能力方面发挥着重要作用。然而，前肢/上肢（UE）功能的临床和基础科学研究设计存在差异，阻碍了转化的便利性。本综述概述了脊髓损伤研究中使用的前肢功能障碍实验模型，特别强调了脊髓损伤大鼠模型。回顾了基础科学实验室中实验性颈椎损伤的解剖位置和类型、功能评估以及康复策略。最后，我们讨论了将前肢功能障碍动物模型转化应用于临床脊髓损伤人群所面临的挑战。
