Guan Yu-Qi, Wang Kai-Lun, Zhu Xue-Dong, Dong Dan, Xue Xiao-Lei, Ma Yan-Lin, Luan Gui-Rong, Guo Jin
School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Aug 8;39(8):3744-3752. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201712103.
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were modified with carbon nanotube (CNT). Combined with the ozonation process, the effect of the hybrid pre-ozonation and CNT modification on fouling alleviation was investigated. The impacts of CNT loading mass and ozone dosage on the variation of flux and antifouling ability of the membrane modules were evaluated. Under a critical flux of 144 L·(m·h), CNT loading mass of 3 g·m, and ozone dosage(O/DOC) of 0.22 mg·mg, the results revealed that the filtration volume of the hybrid process was promoted to 850 L·m, which was about 4.5 times higher than that of the original unmodified membrane. With a flux of 18 L·(m·h) and 15 day operation, the filtration volume was promoted to 3000 L·m, which was 10 times that of the unmodified membrane. The fouling membrane surface was observed using confocal laser scanning electron microscopy (CLSM). The results demonstrated that more living bacteria were present on the membrane surface of the unmodified membrane, which showed a rapid transmembrane pressure (TMP) increase. Both pre-ozonation and CNT modification decreased the total amount of microorganisms and the amount of the living bacteria as well, which mitigated the increase in TMP. After pre-ozonation, the presence of a CNT layer on the membrane surface further decreased the number of living bacteria. Although the CNT layer captured some dead bacteria, it had no obvious relationship with the increase in TMP.
聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）中空纤维超滤膜用碳纳米管（CNT）进行了改性。结合臭氧化过程，研究了混合预臭氧化和碳纳米管改性对减轻膜污染的效果。评估了碳纳米管负载量和臭氧投加量对膜组件通量变化和抗污染能力的影响。在临界通量为144 L·(m²·h)、碳纳米管负载量为3 g·m²、臭氧投加量（O/DOC）为0.22 mg·mg的条件下，结果表明混合工艺的过滤体积提高到了850 L·m²，约为原始未改性膜的4.5倍。在通量为18 L·(m²·h)且运行15天的情况下，过滤体积提高到了3000 L·m²，是未改性膜的10倍。使用共聚焦激光扫描电子显微镜（CLSM）观察了污染膜表面。结果表明，未改性膜表面存在更多活细菌，其跨膜压力（TMP）迅速增加。预臭氧化和碳纳米管改性均降低了微生物总量和活细菌数量，从而减轻了TMP的增加。预臭氧化后，膜表面碳纳米管层的存在进一步减少了活细菌数量。尽管碳纳米管层捕获了一些死细菌，但它与TMP的增加没有明显关系。
