This record contains information specific to the levonorgestrel implant, which is not available in the United States. Although nonhormonal methods are preferred during breastfeeding, progestin-only contraceptives such as levonorgestrel are considered the hormonal contraceptives of choice during lactation. Fair quality evidence indicates that levonorgestrel does not adversely affect the composition of milk, the growth and development of the infant. Expert opinion and a metanalysis hold that the risks of progestin-only contraceptive products usually are acceptable for nursing mothers at any time postpartum.[1-5] A meta-analysis that immediate postpartum progestin contraceptive implant insertion (etonogestrel or levonorgestrel) does not interfere with lactogenesis, and does not reduce breastfeeding continuation at three or six months.[6] Some evidence indicates that progestin-only contraceptives may offer protection against bone mineral density loss during lactation, or at least do not exacerbate it.[7-9]
本记录包含左炔诺孕酮植入剂的特定信息，该植入剂在美国无法获取。虽然母乳喂养期间首选非激素方法，但左炔诺孕酮等仅含孕激素的避孕药被视为哺乳期激素避孕的首选。中等质量的证据表明，左炔诺孕酮不会对乳汁成分、婴儿生长发育产生不利影响。专家意见和一项荟萃分析认为，仅含孕激素的避孕产品风险通常对产后任何时间的哺乳期母亲来说都是可接受的。[1-5]有限的低质量证据表明，含孕激素避孕植入剂即时植入和延迟植入在6个月和12个月时的母乳喂养率没有差异。[6]一些证据表明，仅含孕激素的避孕药可能在哺乳期预防骨密度流失，或至少不会使其加剧。[7-9]
