Czyczyło-Mysza Ilona Mieczysława, Marcińska Izabela, Skrzypek Edyta, Bocianowski Jan, Dziurka Kinga, Rančić Dragana, Radošević Radenko, Pekić-Quarrie Sofija, Dodig Dejan, Quarrie Stephen Alexander
Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland.
Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
PeerJ. 2018 Jul 6;6:e5063. doi: 10.7717/peerj.5063. eCollection 2018.
Wheat is widely affected by drought. Low excised-leaf water loss (ELWL) has frequently been associated with improved grain yield under drought. This study dissected the genetic control of ELWL in wheat, associated physiological, morphological and anatomical leaf traits, and compared these with yield QTLs.
Ninety-four hexaploid wheat ( L.) doubled haploids, mapped with over 700 markers, were tested for three years for ELWL from detached leaf 4 of glasshouse-grown plants. In one experiment, stomata per unit area and leaf thickness parameters from leaf cross-sections were measured. QTLs were identified using QTLCartographer.
ELWL was significantly negatively correlated with leaf length, width, area and thickness. Major QTLs for ELWL during 0-3 h and 3-6 h were coincident across trials on 3A, 3B, 4B, 5B, 5D, 6B, 7A, 7B, 7D and frequently coincident (inversely) with leaf size QTLs. Yield in other trials was sometimes associated with ELWL and leaf size phenotypically and genotypically, but more frequently under non-droughted than droughted conditions. QTL coincidence showed only ELWL to be associated with drought/control yield ratio.
Our results demonstrated that measures of ELWL and leaf size were equally effective predictors of yield, and both were more useful for selecting under favourable than stressed conditions.
小麦受干旱影响广泛。低离体叶片水分损失（ELWL）常与干旱条件下提高的籽粒产量相关。本研究剖析了小麦中ELWL的遗传控制、相关的生理、形态和解剖叶片性状，并将这些与产量QTL进行了比较。
对94个六倍体小麦（L.）双单倍体进行了三年的测试，这些双单倍体用700多个标记进行了定位，测试温室种植植株的第4片离体叶片的ELWL。在一个实验中，测量了叶横切面的单位面积气孔数和叶片厚度参数。使用QTLCartographer鉴定QTL。
ELWL与叶片长度、宽度、面积和厚度显著负相关。0-3小时和3-6小时期间ELWL的主要QTL在3A、3B、4B、5B、5D、6B、7A、7B、7D的试验中是一致的，并且经常（反向）与叶片大小QTL一致。在其他试验中，产量在表型和基因型上有时与ELWL和叶片大小相关，但在非干旱条件下比干旱条件下更频繁。QTL一致性表明只有ELWL与干旱/对照产量比相关。
我们的结果表明，ELWL和叶片大小的测量是产量同样有效的预测指标，并且两者在有利条件下比胁迫条件下更有助于选择。
