Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018 Dec;20(12):2711-2723. doi: 10.1111/dom.13468. Epub 2018 Aug 14.
Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors have attracted the interest of the scientific community following the results from dedicated cardiovascular outcome trials, which demonstrated remarkable reduction in all-cause mortality and other cardiovascular (CV) endpoints with empagliflozin and canagliflozin. These impressive results raised further expectations on real world data from large observational cohort studies. They were designed to address the possible existence of a class effect, and the uncertainty on whether this benefit can be extended from secondary to primary CV prevention of patients with type 2 diabetes. In this review, we collated data from existing observational studies (including the celebrated CVD-REAL cohorts) and critically appraised results and methodological issues with the aim of providing clinical insight, including unsettled aspects, and proposing a research agenda for future investigations.
钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂（SGLT2i）在专门的心血管结局试验中取得了显著的成果，证明恩格列净和卡格列净可显著降低全因死亡率和其他心血管（CV）终点事件，引起了科学界的关注。这些令人印象深刻的结果进一步提高了人们对大型观察性队列研究的真实世界数据的期望。这些研究旨在解决可能存在的类效应问题，以及不确定这种益处是否可以从 2 型糖尿病患者的二级 CV 预防扩展到一级预防。在这篇综述中，我们汇集了现有观察性研究的数据（包括著名的 CVD-REAL 队列），并批判性地评估了结果和方法学问题，旨在提供临床见解，包括未解决的方面，并为未来的研究提出研究议程。
