Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2018 Oct;33(5):625-632. doi: 10.1002/ncp.10111. Epub 2018 Jul 13.
Critically ill neonates who require extracorporeal life support have particular nutrition needs. These infants require prescription of aggressive, early nutrition support by knowledge providers. Understanding the unique metabolic demands and nutrition requirements of these fragile patients is paramount, particularly if additional therapies such as aggressive diuretic regimens or continuous renal replacement therapy are used concurrently. Although the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition has published guidelines for this population, a review of each nutrition component is warranted because few studies exist specific to this population. Long-term complications in survivors of neonatal extracorporeal life support, particularly in patients with select diagnoses such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia, can be significant and must be recognized and anticipated. This review focuses on recognizing the nutrition needs of neonatal patients requiring extracorporeal life support, appraising the available data to guide selection of an appropriate mode of nutrition delivery, and describing the anticipated long-term nutrition implications of extracorporeal life support provision during the neonatal period.
需要体外生命支持的危重新生儿有特殊的营养需求。这些婴儿需要知识提供者提供积极的早期营养支持。了解这些脆弱患者的独特代谢需求和营养需求至关重要，特别是如果同时使用其他治疗方法，如积极的利尿剂方案或连续肾脏替代疗法。尽管美国肠外和肠内营养学会已经为这一人群发布了指南，但需要对每个营养成分进行审查，因为很少有专门针对这一人群的研究。新生儿体外生命支持幸存者的长期并发症，特别是在某些特定诊断（如先天性膈疝）的患者中，可能非常严重，必须得到识别和预期。本综述重点关注认识需要体外生命支持的新生儿患者的营养需求，评估可用数据以指导选择合适的营养输送方式，并描述新生儿期提供体外生命支持的预期长期营养影响。
