Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1677, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Box 1677, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2018 Dec;53:77-87. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
The eukaryotic DNA replication machinery is conserved from yeast to humans and requires the actions of multiple DNA polymerases. In addition to replicative DNA polymerases for duplication of the leading and lagging DNA strands, another group of specialized polymerases is required for DNA repair and/or translesion DNA synthesis (TLS). We emphasize here recent findings that accelerate our understanding of the structure and mechanisms of these remarkable enzymes. We also highlight growing evidence on the role of DNA polymerases in the origin of certain cancers, and paradoxically as emerging targets for cancer therapy.
真核生物的 DNA 复制机制在从酵母到人等多种生物中都保守存在，需要多种 DNA 聚合酶的共同作用。除了用于前导链和滞后链复制的复制性 DNA 聚合酶之外，还需要另一组专门的聚合酶来进行 DNA 修复和/或跨损伤 DNA 合成（TLS）。在这里，我们强调了最近的一些发现，这些发现加速了我们对这些非凡酶的结构和机制的理解。我们还强调了越来越多的证据表明 DNA 聚合酶在某些癌症的起源中的作用，以及它们作为癌症治疗新靶点的矛盾性。
