Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Saraswati Dental College, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Professor Junior Grade, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University UP, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Prosthet Dent. 2019 Jan;121(1):90-94. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.02.016. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Although different impression techniques have been advocated for complete denture prosthodontics, objective studies that predict their effect on alveolar bone resorption are lacking.
The purpose of this prospective clinical pilot study was to objectively evaluate the effect of complete dentures fabricated by different impression techniques on mandibular residual ridge resorption in individuals with different bone mineral density.
Ninety-six participants with edentulism, selected according to inclusion criteria, underwent bone mineral density assessment and were divided into normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic groups. Half of the participants in each group were provided with dentures fabricated by selective pressure impression technique (subgroup SIT), and the other half were provided with dentures fabricated by mucostatic impression technique (subgroup MIT). Computed tomographic scans of the mandible were made at denture delivery and 1 year after prosthesis use to assess alveolar bone height and width difference at marked locations at and after denture delivery. The data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test (α=.05).
Significantly less reduction in mandibular ridge height and width was found in the MIT versus the SIT subgroups in both osteopenic and osteoporotic participants (P<.05). No significant subgroup difference was found for normal bone mineral density group, although resorption increased in height and width for the SIT subgroup.
Mandibular residual ridge resorption was reduced for dentures fabricated using the mucostatic impression technique compared with the selective pressure impression technique in individuals with diminished bone density.
尽管全口义齿修复学中提倡使用不同的印模技术，但缺乏能够预测其对牙槽骨吸收影响的客观研究。
本前瞻性临床初步研究的目的是客观评估通过不同印模技术制作的全口义齿对不同骨密度个体下颌剩余牙槽嵴吸收的影响。
根据纳入标准选择 96 名无牙颌患者进行骨密度评估，并将其分为正常、骨质疏松和骨质疏松症组。每组的一半患者接受选择性压力印模技术（SIT 亚组）制作的义齿，另一半患者接受黏膜稳定印模技术（MIT 亚组）制作的义齿。在义齿交付时和使用义齿 1 年后对下颌骨进行计算机断层扫描，以评估标记位置处和交付后牙槽骨的高度和宽度差异。使用学生 t 检验（α=.05）对获得的数据进行分析。
在骨质疏松和骨质疏松症患者中，与 SIT 亚组相比，MIT 亚组的下颌嵴高度和宽度减少明显（P<.05）。在正常骨密度组中，虽然 SIT 亚组的高度和宽度吸收增加，但未发现亚组差异显著。
与选择性压力印模技术相比，黏膜稳定印模技术制作的义齿可减少骨密度降低患者的下颌剩余牙槽嵴吸收。
