Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Ave, Columbus OH, 43212, United States.
Newfields Environmental, Rockland MA, 02371, United States.
J Hazard Mater. 2018 Sep 5;357:498-505. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.036. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
The degradation of crude and weathered crude oil following the application of crude and calcium-alginate encapsulated ligninolytic enzymes was studied using in situ microcosms. Changes in the chemical composition of the oil were monitored in crude enzyme extracts, as well as a sediment matrix, for as long as 70 days. Compound-specific effects of ligninolytic enzymes applied to the sediments were observed over time through changes in concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fractions of saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes (SARA). As the oil weathered, most TPH and PAH fractions showed a rapid decrease in concentration. As sediment oil concentrations decreased following treatment with ligninolytic enzymes, the microbial population was enriched with hydrocarbon-degrading species. This trend demonstrates that the oil fractions initially not bioavailable for microbial degradation, were subsequently released to the sediment via catalytic conversion with laccase and manganese peroxidase, and the oil continues to be biodegraded by microbial populations.
采用现场微宇宙的方法研究了粗制和风化原油在施加粗制和海藻酸钠包封木质素降解酶后的降解情况。在长达 70 天的时间里，监测了粗酶提取物以及沉积物基质中油的化学成分变化。通过总石油烃 (TPH)、多环芳烃 (PAH) 和饱和烃、芳烃、树脂和沥青质 (SARA) 馏分浓度的变化，观察了木质素降解酶施加到沉积物上的化合物特异性效应。随着油的风化，大多数 TPH 和 PAH 馏分的浓度迅速下降。在木质素降解酶处理后，随着沉积物中油浓度的降低，微生物种群中富含烃类降解物种。这一趋势表明，最初微生物降解不可用的油馏分，随后通过漆酶和锰过氧化物酶的催化转化释放到沉积物中，并且油继续被微生物种群生物降解。
