Mohanty Salini, Buttenheim Alison M, Feemster Kristen A, Moser Charlotte A, Field Robert I, Yudell Michael, Turchi Renee M, Carroll-Scott Amy
1 School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
2 Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
J Child Health Care. 2019 Jun;23(2):266-277. doi: 10.1177/1367493518786011. Epub 2018 Jul 15.
The objective of this study was to describe how a sample of pediatricians were impacted by and responded to the Disneyland measles outbreak in the United States. We conducted three repeated cross-sectional, online surveys in 2014 (before the outbreak), 2015, and 2016 (after the outbreak) among members of three state chapters of the American Academy of Pediatrics. We assessed pediatricians' level of willingness and length of time comfortable delaying the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine before and after the outbreak. Frequency of alternative immunization schedule requests and creation of office immunization policies due to the outbreak were measured. The sample included 304 pediatricians in 2014, 270 in 2015, and 221 in 2016. We found no significant changes in willingness or comfort delaying the MMR vaccine before and after the outbreak. In 2015, 38% of pediatricians reported fewer requests for alternative immunization schedules and 20% created stricter office immunization policies. A subsample of pediatricians reported administering the MMR vaccine earlier in the recommended time frame and taking extra precautions in waiting rooms due to the outbreak. Our results suggest that this measles outbreak did not lead to significant changes in attitudes or practices among this sample, but did modestly affect office immunization policies and practices.
本研究的目的是描述一组儿科医生是如何受到美国迪士尼乐园麻疹疫情的影响以及对此做出何种反应的。我们于2014年（疫情爆发前）、2015年和2016年（疫情爆发后）对美国儿科学会三个州分会的成员进行了三次重复的横断面在线调查。我们评估了疫情爆发前后儿科医生推迟麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗接种的意愿程度和可接受的时长。还测量了因疫情而提出替代免疫接种计划的频率以及制定办公室免疫政策的情况。样本包括2014年的304名儿科医生、2015年的270名以及2016年的221名。我们发现疫情爆发前后推迟MMR疫苗接种的意愿或可接受程度没有显著变化。2015年，38%的儿科医生报告称替代免疫接种计划的请求减少，20%制定了更严格的办公室免疫政策。一部分儿科医生报告称，由于疫情，他们在推荐的时间范围内更早地接种了MMR疫苗，并在候诊室采取了额外的预防措施。我们的结果表明，此次麻疹疫情并未导致该样本群体的态度或做法发生显著变化，但确实对办公室免疫政策和做法产生了一定程度的影响。
