Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Jul 14;19(7):2050. doi: 10.3390/ijms19072050.
Platinum(II) drugs are activated intracellularly by aquation of the leaving groups and then bind to DNA, forming DNA adducts capable to activate various signal-transduction pathways. Mostly explored in recent years are Pt(IV) complexes which allow the presence of two additional ligands in the axial positions suitable for the attachment of other cancer-targeting ligands. Here we have extended this strategy by coordinating in the axial positions of kiteplatin ([PtCl₂(-1,4-DACH)], DACH = Diaminocyclohexane) and its CBDCA (1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate) analogue the antioxidant α-Lipoic acid (ALA), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). The new compounds (,,-[Pt(CBDCA)(ALA)₂(-1,4-DACH)], , and ,,-[PtCl₂(ALA)₂(-1,4-DACH)], ), after intracellular reduction, release the precursor Pt(II) species and two molecules of ALA. The Pt residue is able to target DNA, while ALA could act on mitochondria as activator of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, thus suppressing anaerobic glycolysis. Compounds and were tested in vitro on a panel of five human cancer cell lines and compared to cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and kiteplatin. They proved to be much more effective than the reference compounds, with complex most effective in 3D spheroid tumor cultures. Notably, treatment of human A431 carcinoma cells with and did not determine increase of cellular ROS (usually correlated to inhibition of mitochondrial PDK) and did not induce a significant depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane or alteration of other morphological mitochondrial parameters.
铂(II)药物在细胞内通过离去基团的水合作用被激活,然后与 DNA 结合,形成能够激活各种信号转导途径的 DNA 加合物。近年来,研究最多的是 Pt(IV) 配合物,它允许在轴向位置存在另外两个配体,适合连接其他癌症靶向配体。在这里,我们通过在 kiteplatin([PtCl₂(-1,4-DACH)],DACH = 二氨基环己烷)和其 CBDCA(1,1-环丁烷二羧酸)类似物的轴向位置配位,扩展了这一策略,将抗氧化剂 α-硫辛酸(ALA)与 kiteplatin 配位,ALA 是一种线粒体丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶(PDK)抑制剂。新化合物(,,-[Pt(CBDCA)(ALA)₂(-1,4-DACH)],,和,,-[PtCl₂(ALA)₂(-1,4-DACH)],)在细胞内还原后,释放出前体 Pt(II)物种和两个 ALA 分子。Pt 残基能够靶向 DNA,而 ALA 可以作为丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物的激活剂作用于线粒体,从而抑制无氧糖酵解。化合物和在五种人类癌细胞系的体外进行了测试,并与顺铂、奥沙利铂和 kiteplatin 进行了比较。它们被证明比参考化合物有效得多,其中复合物在 3D 球体肿瘤培养物中效果最好。值得注意的是,用和处理人 A431 癌细胞不会导致细胞 ROS 增加(通常与抑制线粒体 PDK 相关),也不会引起线粒体膜明显去极化或其他形态线粒体参数改变。
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