State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Oct 30;162:499-504. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.025. Epub 2018 Jul 14.
The standard Folsomia candida test (ISO 11267), in which only the survival and reproduction of the parental generation (F0) were determined, is insufficient to assess the toxicity of chemicals, like endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), since the effects of EDCs could last for several generations and sometimes can be transgenerational. It's necessary to assess the effects on subsequent generations to address the long-term consequences of these chemicals exposure. In this study, the effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl (BDE47) were assessed on F0 and the first filial generation (F1) of F. candida after 28-day or 10-day exposure of F0. In the 28-day exposure method, F0 was exposed to PCP or BD47 for 28 days and F1 was exposed for about 21 days. In the 10-day exposure method, F0 was exposed for 10 days and F1 was not exposed. The F. candida reproduction of F0 and F1 can be assessed in both methods, while transgenerational effects can further be evaluated in the 10-day exposure method. The numbers of F1 and F2 (second filial generation) juveniles in the 28-day exposure method and F1 juveniles in the 10-day exposure method decreased significantly for the PCP treatment. For BDE47, only the number of F1 juveniles in the 28-day exposure method significantly decreased. The EC50 values of F0 reproduction (the number of F1 juveniles) in the 28-day exposure method were 89 and 306 mg/kg dry soil for PCP and BDE47, respectively. Results suggested that PCP could affect F. candida egg hatching or juvenile survival and adult reproductive capacity, while BDE47 was more likely to affect egg hatchability or juvenile survival rather than adult reproductive capacity. It also indicated that F. candida exposed to PCP or BDE47 could recover in clean soil. Transgenerational effects were not observed for neither PCP nor BDE47 in this study.
标准的 Folsomia candida 测试(ISO 11267)仅测定亲代(F0)的生存和繁殖情况,不足以评估化学物质的毒性,如内分泌干扰化学物质(EDCs),因为 EDC 的影响可能持续数代,有时甚至具有跨代效应。有必要评估对后代的影响,以解决这些化学物质暴露的长期后果。在这项研究中,评估了五氯酚(PCP)和 2,2',4,4'-四溴二苯醚(BDE47)对 F. candida 的 F0 和第一代(F1)的影响,F0 在 28 天或 10 天暴露于 PCP 或 BDE47 后。在 28 天暴露方法中,F0 暴露于 PCP 或 BDE47 28 天,F1 暴露约 21 天。在 10 天暴露方法中,F0 暴露 10 天,F1 未暴露。在这两种方法中都可以评估 F0 和 F1 的繁殖情况,而在 10 天暴露方法中可以进一步评估跨代效应。在 28 天暴露方法中,PCP 处理的 F1 和 F2(第二代)幼体数量以及 10 天暴露方法中的 F1 幼体数量显著减少。对于 BDE47,只有在 28 天暴露方法中 F1 幼体数量显著减少。28 天暴露方法中 F0 繁殖(F1 幼体数量)的 EC50 值分别为 89 和 306mg/kg 干土,用于 PCP 和 BDE47。结果表明,PCP 可能影响 F. candida 的卵孵化或幼体生存和成虫生殖能力,而 BDE47 更可能影响卵孵化率或幼体生存能力,而不是成虫生殖能力。这也表明暴露于 PCP 或 BDE47 的 F. candida 在清洁土壤中可以恢复。在本研究中,既没有观察到 PCP 也没有观察到 BDE47 的跨代效应。
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