Johnson Cheri A, Carter Todd D, Dunn John R, Baer Susan R, Schalow Michele M, Bellay Yvonne M, Guerra Marta A, Frank Nancy A
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2018 Aug 1;253(3):322-336. doi: 10.2460/javma.253.3.322.
OBJECTIVE To estimate Brucella canis seropositivity rates for purebred dogs being bred by noncommercial breeders, describe epidemiological findings in infected commercial dog-production facilities, and characterize B canis infection in pet dogs and the risk to human health. DESIGN Retrospective descriptive study. SAMPLE 2,799 canine specimens submitted to the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for B canis testing and records of B canis reports provided to the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development from 2007 through 2016. PROCEDURES Results of B canis laboratory tests and epidemiological findings for reported cases of B canis were reviewed and summarized. Federal and state public health officials were interviewed regarding human B canis infection. State veterinarians were interviewed regarding canine brucellosis reporting and control procedures. RESULTS Estimated B canis seropositivity was 0.4% among purebred Michigan dogs owned by noncommercial breeders. Infection was confirmed in dogs from 17 commercial dog-production facilities, 3 shelters, and 1 rescue agency. Estimated infection prevalence in production facilities ranged from 2 of 22 (9%) to 5 of 6 (83%). Transfer of infected dogs involved 22 Michigan counties and 11 states. Seven of 20 privately owned infected dogs had diskospondylitis; I also had uveitis. Fifty-three veterinary hospital or diagnostic laboratory personnel had inadvertent exposure to the pathogen. Brucella canis was isolated from 1 commercial production facility owner. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE B canis was uncommon in purebred dogs being bred by noncommercial breeders but endemic in Michigan commercial facilities producing dogs destined to become household pets. Infected pet dogs caused human B canis exposure, and several pet dogs had debilitating disease not associated with the reproductive system.
目的 评估非商业繁殖者饲养的纯种犬布鲁氏菌犬种血清阳性率，描述受感染的商业犬生产设施中的流行病学调查结果，并明确宠物犬的犬种布鲁氏菌感染情况及其对人类健康的风险。 设计 回顾性描述性研究。 样本 提交至密歇根州立大学兽医诊断实验室进行犬种布鲁氏菌检测的2799份犬类样本，以及2007年至2016年提供给密歇根州农业和农村发展部的犬种布鲁氏菌报告记录。 程序 回顾并总结犬种布鲁氏菌实验室检测结果及报告的犬种布鲁氏菌病例的流行病学调查结果。就人类犬种布鲁氏菌感染情况采访联邦和州公共卫生官员。就犬布鲁氏菌病报告及控制程序采访州兽医。 结果 在非商业繁殖者拥有的密歇根纯种犬中，估计犬种布鲁氏菌血清阳性率为0.4%。在来自17个商业犬生产设施、3个收容所和1个救援机构的犬中确诊感染。生产设施中的估计感染患病率从22只中的2只（9%）到6只中的5只（83%）不等。感染犬的转移涉及密歇根州的22个县和11个州。20只私人饲养的感染犬中有7只患有椎间盘炎；1只还患有葡萄膜炎。53名兽医医院或诊断实验室人员意外接触到该病原体。从1名商业生产设施所有者身上分离出犬种布鲁氏菌。 结论及临床意义 犬种布鲁氏菌在非商业繁殖者饲养的纯种犬中不常见，但在密歇根州生产 destined to become household pets的商业设施中呈地方性流行。受感染的宠物犬导致人类接触犬种布鲁氏菌，并且几只宠物犬患有与生殖系统无关的衰弱性疾病。 （注：原文中“destined to become household pets”表述不太准确，结合语境推测可能是“ destined to become household pets”，翻译为“ destined to become household pets”，即“ destined to become household pets”，直译为“注定成为家庭宠物”，意译为“ destined to become household pets”更通顺些，即“ destined to become household pets”，但整体译文可能因原文此处表述模糊而稍显生硬。）
