Department of Spatial Information Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500072, India.
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Jul 18;190(8):471. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6854-5.
Urbanization process converts natural landscape into an anthropogenic urban landscape. The present paper attempts to understand spatiotemporal urban dynamics of a mid-sized Indian town-Khammam in Telangana-by carrying out Land Use Land Cover Change Analysis for assessing urban growth pattern. A set of metrics of Landscape Analysis available to analyze growth pattern and broadly categorized into two sets-composition and configuration. Principal Component Analysis was used to identify three critical metrics from Landscape Analysis, viz., Number of Patches and Edge Length and Splitting Indexes while two additional metrics of the composition set, viz., Shannon Diversity and Shannon Evenness Indexes, based on expert opinion were added to make the study amenable. Twenty-three indicators of City Biodiversity Index broadly grouped into three core components, viz., Native Biodiversity in City, Ecosystem Services provided, and governance and management of CBI, were analyzed, and five indicators that were amenable to digital interpretation of satellite data pertaining to proportion of park and natural area within city, availability of water or quantum of water for urbanization, extent of natural protected area, extent of parks and natural area, and impact of vegetated area on ambient cooling were studied. Study indicated that in Khammam score of 8 out of a total score of 20 in CBI analysis indicated unsustainable growths, although trends among individual LULC components varied making it essential to study individual patterns. Study highlights need to use such indicators to guide urban development in mid-sized urban towns and cities that could substitute for large metropolitan cities as the growth engine in future.
城市化进程将自然景观转化为人为的城市景观。本文试图通过土地利用/土地覆盖变化分析来了解印度中等城市——特伦甘纳邦的哈马姆的时空城市动态，以评估城市增长模式。景观分析的一组度量标准可用于分析增长模式，并大致分为两类——组成和配置。主成分分析用于从景观分析中识别三个关键度量标准，即斑块数量、边缘长度和分裂指数，而基于专家意见的组成集的另外两个度量标准，即香农多样性和香农均匀度指数，被添加到研究中，以使其具有可操作性。城市生物多样性指数的 23 个指标大致分为三个核心组成部分，即城市中的本地生物多样性、提供的生态系统服务以及 CBI 的治理和管理，研究了五个指标，这些指标可以通过与城市内公园和自然区域的比例、城市化用水的可用性或量化、自然保护区的范围、公园和自然区域的范围以及植被区域对环境冷却的影响有关的卫星数据的数字解释。研究表明，在哈马姆的城市生物多样性指数分析中，总分为 20 分，得分为 8 分，表明增长不可持续，尽管个别土地利用/土地覆盖组件的趋势不同，因此有必要研究个别模式。研究强调需要使用这些指标来指导中等城市和城镇的城市发展，这些指标可以替代大城市作为未来的增长引擎。
