Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Environ Pollut. 2018 Oct;241:950-958. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.025. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
As a pristine continent, Antarctica provides a good opportunity to study the spatial transport and temporal accumulation of environmental contaminants and the impacts of anthropogenic activities, both of which have given rise to ongoing public concern. In this research, an approach of coupling aquatic time-integrated passive sampling with chemical analysis and bioassays was used to assess pollution by hydrophobic organic contaminants in Antarctic waters. Passive samplers were deployed in waters of Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica, and their extracts were used for chemical analyses of sixty-six hydrophobic organic contaminants belonging to five groups [organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)] and in vitro bioassays for endocrine disruption and genotoxicity. In total, twenty pollutants (six PFRs, one PAE, two PAHs, six OCPs, and five PCBs) were quantified, and six PFRs had concentrations that ranged from ND (not detected) to 44.37 ng L in Antarctic waters. The concentrations detected in the waters were generally low and insufficient to have significant in vitro endocrine disruption potential or genotoxicity. The source and transport pathways of PFRs and PAE in Fildes Peninsula were studied, and multiple local sources (wastewater, air traffic, research stations, and animal feces) for different PFRs were proposed. A spatial and temporal analysis showed slight changes in the exposure of OCPs and PCBs in Antarctic waters. Furthermore, a comparison among a variety of Antarctic water sampling cases revealed that passive sampling can be a tool for aquatic time-integrated investigations in polar regions.
作为一个原始的大陆，南极洲为研究环境污染物的空间传输和时间积累以及人为活动的影响提供了一个很好的机会，这两个问题都引起了公众的持续关注。在这项研究中，采用了将水相时间积分被动采样与化学分析和生物测定相结合的方法，来评估南极洲水域中疏水性有机污染物的污染情况。在南极洲菲尔德斯半岛的水域中部署了被动采样器，并对其提取物进行了 66 种疏水性有机污染物（属于五组：有机磷阻燃剂（PFRs）、邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）、多环芳烃（PAHs）、有机氯农药（OCPs）和多氯联苯（PCBs））的化学分析和体外内分泌干扰和遗传毒性生物测定。共定量了二十种污染物（六种 PFRs、一种 PAE、两种 PAHs、六种 OCPs 和五种 PCBs），其中六种 PFRs 的浓度范围为 ND（未检出）至 44.37ng/L。在南极水域中检测到的浓度通常较低，不足以具有显著的体外内分泌干扰潜力或遗传毒性。研究了菲尔德斯半岛上 PFRs 和 PAE 的来源和传输途径，并提出了不同 PFRs 的多个本地来源（废水、空中交通、研究站和动物粪便）。时空分析表明，南极水中 OCPs 和 PCBs 的暴露情况略有变化。此外，对各种南极水采样案例的比较表明，被动采样可以成为极地水域水相时间积分研究的一种工具。
