Kim Paul M, Lee Jae-Jin, Choi Dongwon, Eoh Hyungjin, Hong Young-Kwon
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2018 Jul;111:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2018.04.009. Epub 2018 May 4.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has plagued humanity for tens of thousands of years, yet still remains a threat to human health. Its pathology is largely associated with pulmonary tuberculosis with symptoms including fever, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Mtb, however, also manifests in other extrapulmonary organs, such as the pleura, bones, gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, and lymph nodes. Compared to the knowledge of pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary pathologies of Mtb are quite understudied. Lymph node tuberculosis is one of the most common extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis, and presents significant challenges in its diagnosis, management, and treatment due to its elusive etiologies and pathologies. The objective of this review is to overview the current understanding of the tropism and pathogenesis of Mtb in endothelial cells of the extrapulmonary tissues, particularly, in lymph nodes. Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are derived from blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) during development, and these two types of endothelial cells demonstrate substantial molecular, cellular and genetic similarities. Therefore, systemic comparison of the differential and common responses of BECs vs. LECs to Mtb invasion could provide new insights into its pathogenesis, and may promote new investigations into this deadly disease.
结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）已经困扰人类数万年，但仍然对人类健康构成威胁。其病理主要与肺结核相关，症状包括发热、咯血和胸痛。然而，Mtb也会在其他肺外器官表现出来，如胸膜、骨骼、胃肠道、中枢神经系统和淋巴结。与肺结核的知识相比，Mtb的肺外病理学研究相当不足。淋巴结结核是结核病最常见的肺外表现之一，由于其病因和病理难以捉摸，在诊断、管理和治疗方面面临重大挑战。本综述的目的是概述目前对Mtb在肺外组织，特别是淋巴结内皮细胞中的嗜性和发病机制的理解。淋巴管内皮细胞（LECs）在发育过程中源自血管内皮细胞（BECs），这两种类型的内皮细胞表现出大量的分子、细胞和遗传相似性。因此，系统比较BECs与LECs对Mtb入侵的差异和共同反应，可以为其发病机制提供新的见解，并可能促进对这种致命疾病的新研究。
