University of Michigan, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 Sep-Oct;61(3-4):282-286. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.016. Epub 2018 Jul 18.
Advances in the care of infants and children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have resulted in significantly improved survival of this population into adulthood. Although the majority of patients with CHD have undergone surgical intervention or transcatheter intervention, patients are not "cured" and almost all require lifelong cardiac care. In many parts of the world, robust systems of care have been developed for infants and children with CHD. Although there has been progress in the development of programs for the care of adults with CHD, the time of transition and transfer of care remains a time of high risk for lapses in care and becoming lost to follow-up. Transition is a process of education and preparation for young patients to assume their own care as they enter adulthood, while transfer is the actual event of a patient moving their care from a pediatric to an adult environment. The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known of best practices related to the transition and transfer of patients with CHD to adult services and to provide a practical approach to the sometimes daunting task of preparing patients for the transfer of care.
先天性心脏病（CHD）患儿的护理取得了进展，使得这一人群的成年生存率显著提高。尽管大多数 CHD 患者已经接受了手术或介入治疗，但他们并未“治愈”，几乎所有患者都需要终身心脏护理。在世界上许多地区，已经为 CHD 患儿建立了强大的护理系统。尽管在为 CHD 成人患者制定护理计划方面取得了进展，但在过渡和转介期间，患者仍然面临着护理中断和失访的高风险。过渡是一个教育和准备的过程，让年轻患者在成年后承担自己的护理，而转介则是患者将护理从儿科转移到成人环境的实际过程。本文旨在总结与 CHD 患者向成人服务过渡和转介相关的最佳实践，并提供一种实用的方法来准备患者接受护理转介，因为这有时是一项令人生畏的任务。
