Fukuda Atsushi, Ichikawa Nao, Kubo Hitoshi
Preparing Section for New Faculty of Medical Science, Fukushima Medical University.
Department of Radiology, Shiga General Hospital.
Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi. 2018;74(7):708-716. doi: 10.6009/jjrt.2018_JSRT_74.7.708.
A 3D printing emerges as a common procedure in clinical radiology practice after installation of a module that converts the digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) dataset into stereolithography (STL) data on medical workstations. However, they did not conventionally provide the appropriate filtering, sculpting, hollowing out, and Boolean (subtraction) operations on STL data. These functions are indispensable to handle the STL data to fabricate the smooth, low-cost, and sophisticated models. Here are some tips for handling the 3D data with three software packages through making a sample lumbar spine model. Because they are all free- and open-source software with the exception of Boolean operations, they could make it easy for anyone to fabricate their 3D model imaged by CT or MRI. We tested the loop subdivision surface algorithms for the smoothing, the sculpting function for removing a sharp prick, and the hollowing function to save the cost. Computer-aided design (CAD) is also used to fabricate the devices in medical research. We designed and developed a cap attached to a glass dosimeter to show the effectiveness of CAD in radiological research. Lastly, we discuss the important matters for 3D printing and examples of the clinical applications.
在医学工作站上安装一个将医学数字成像和通信（DICOM）数据集转换为立体光刻（STL）数据的模块后，3D打印成为临床放射学实践中的常见操作。然而，传统上它们并未对STL数据进行适当的滤波、雕刻、镂空和布尔（减法）操作。这些功能对于处理STL数据以制作光滑、低成本且复杂的模型是必不可少的。以下是通过制作一个腰椎样本模型，使用三个软件包处理3D数据的一些技巧。由于除布尔运算外它们都是免费的开源软件，这使得任何人都能轻松制作由CT或MRI成像的3D模型。我们测试了用于平滑处理的循环细分曲面算法、用于去除尖锐突起的雕刻功能以及用于节省成本的镂空功能。计算机辅助设计（CAD）也用于医学研究中的设备制造。我们设计并开发了一种连接到玻璃剂量计的盖子，以展示CAD在放射学研究中的有效性。最后，我们讨论3D打印的重要事项以及临床应用实例。
