Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
Sakhalin Branch of the Botanical Garden-Institute FEB RAS, Gorky-street 25, 693023 Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2018 Dec;129:48-59. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.07.011. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
In spite of considerable effort to verify the theory of species-pairs, uncertainty still exists about the relationship between sexually or vegetatively reproducing populations of morphologically indistinguishable, sympatric lichen species. The current paper studies putative species-pairs within the Asian Lobaria meridionalis-group, using a nine-locus and time calibrated species-tree approach. Analyses demonstrate that pairs of sexually or vegetatively reproducing lineages split into highly supported monophyletic clades-confirming molecularly the species-pair concept for the L. meridionalis-group. In the broader context of evolution and speciation dynamics in lichenized fungi, this paper attempts to synthesize molecular findings from the last two decades to promote a more modern perception of the species-pair concept. Taxonomically, eight species were found to currently conform to the L. meridionalis-group, which differentiated during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. The coincidence of paleoclimatic events with estimated dates of divergence support a bioclimatic hypothesis for the evolution of species in the L. meridionalis-group, which also explains their current eco-geographic distribution patterns. Greater recognition for species with a long and independent evolutionary history, which merit high conservation priority, will be especially critical for preserving geographically restricted endemics from Southeast Asia, where habitat loss is driving rapid declines.
尽管人们付出了相当大的努力来验证物种对的理论，但在形态上无法区分的、同域的地衣物种的有性或无性繁殖种群之间的关系仍然存在不确定性。本论文使用九基因座和时间校准的种系发生树方法，研究了亚洲 Lobaria meridionalis 群中的假定物种对。分析表明，有性或无性繁殖谱系的对分裂成高度支持的单系群——从分子上证实了 L. meridionalis 群的物种对概念。在真菌地衣化的进化和物种形成动态的更广泛背景下，本文试图综合过去二十年的分子研究结果，以促进对物种对概念的更现代的认识。分类学上，发现目前有八种物种符合 L. meridionalis 群的要求，该群分化于上新世和更新世。古气候事件与估计的分歧日期的巧合支持了 L. meridionalis 群物种进化的生物气候假说，这也解释了它们目前的生态地理分布模式。对于具有悠久而独立进化历史的物种的更高认识，这些物种值得高度保护优先权，对于保护东南亚的地理上受限制的特有种尤其重要，因为那里的栖息地丧失正在导致迅速减少。
