Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Mackintosh-Corry Hall, Room E201, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6.
Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Mackintosh-Corry Hall, Room E201, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6.
Health Place. 2018 Sep;53:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.07.005. Epub 2018 Jul 23.
Studies on the victimization and abuse of seniors in Canada have largely ignored the influence of place-based variations in social bonds and socioeconomic characteristics. Using the 2014 General Social Survey (GSS) data on Canadians' safety, we examine neighborhood, social capital, and socioeconomic characteristics as predictors of the incidence of victimization among seniors and their satisfaction with personal safety from crime. Generally, seniors with poor neighborhood ties and social capital were more likely to have experienced victimization and have a lower satisfaction with personal safety. Seniors who viewed people in their neighborhood as unhelpful were more likely to have experienced some form of victimization and more likely to have a lower satisfaction with personal safety. Highly educated and high-income seniors were also more likely to have experienced some form of victimization. Paradoxically, such seniors were less likely to have lower satisfaction with personal safety. The results also show that place, defined as population centers (urban and rural) may have a significant influence on variations in victimization and satisfaction with personal safety. A significant proportion of the variance in victimization (38%) and satisfaction with personal safety (23%) are largely the result of differences in place of residence (urban and rural). Our findings suggest that there is the need to improve neighborhood social capital, reduce neighborhood disorder and improve the socioeconomic status of community-dwelling seniors in order to minimize their susceptibility to victimization as well as to improve their sense of safety from crime.
对加拿大老年人受害和虐待问题的研究在很大程度上忽略了基于地点的社会关系和社会经济特征变化的影响。利用 2014 年加拿大普通社会调查（GSS）关于加拿大人安全的数据，我们考察了邻里关系、社会资本和社会经济特征对老年人受害发生率及其对犯罪个人安全满意度的预测作用。一般来说，邻里关系和社会资本较差的老年人更有可能遭受侵害，对个人安全的满意度也较低。认为邻里中的人不帮忙的老年人更有可能遭受某种形式的侵害，对个人安全的满意度也较低。受教育程度高和收入高的老年人也更有可能遭受某种形式的侵害。但具有讽刺意味的是，这些老年人对个人安全的满意度较低的可能性较小。研究结果还表明，地点（定义为人口中心，即城市和农村）可能对受害和对个人安全的满意度的变化有重大影响。受害情况（38%）和对个人安全的满意度（23%）的很大一部分差异主要是由于居住地（城市和农村）的不同造成的。我们的研究结果表明，有必要改善邻里社会资本，减少邻里混乱，提高社区居住老年人的社会经济地位，以尽量减少他们受害的易感性，并提高他们对犯罪的安全感。
