Köster Liza S, Kirberger Robert M
Section of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Integrative Mammalian Research (IMR) Center, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine (RUSVM), Basseterre, St Kitts, West Indies,
Diagnostic Imaging Section, Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
Vet Med (Auckl). 2016 Feb 23;7:19-31. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S92729. eCollection 2016.
This paper describes 35 Pekingese dogs with a syndrome characterized by dyspnea, cyanosis, episodic syncope, soft pulmonary "velcro" crackles, pulmonary hypertension (PH), and computed tomography and radiographic changes consistent with pulmonary parenchymal disease. The medical data base was searched with the criteria "Pekingese" and "syncope" or "dyspnea" or "tachypnea" or "pulmonary hypertension", over a 36-month period. Inclusion criteria were echocardiographic changes consistent with noninvasive diagnosis of PH, either subjectively by B-mode or objectively by Doppler. Dogs were excluded (n=106) if there were insufficient or poor-quality radiographic or echocardiographic records or if diseases other than chronic pulmonary disease were found to be the etiology. The records of 35 dogs met these criteria and presented with a respiratory crises preceded by a history of chronic exercise intolerance and episodic syncope. The average age was 14.5 years (range: 7-19 years), with 21 males and 14 females. Most of the dogs had an interstitial lung pattern with radiographic evidence of right heart enlargement. There was a 77% (n=27) mortality and a median survival of 60 days (interquartile range: 9-210 days). This study highlights a cor pulmonale syndrome from PH due to chronic pulmonary parenchymal disease, with a grave prognosis, in middle-aged to geriatric population of Hong Kong Pekingese.
本文描述了35只患有以呼吸困难、发绀、发作性晕厥、肺部“Velcro”啰音、肺动脉高压（PH）以及计算机断层扫描和X线表现符合肺实质疾病为特征综合征的北京犬。在36个月的时间里，按照“北京犬”和“晕厥”或“呼吸困难”或“呼吸急促”或“肺动脉高压”的标准对医学数据库进行检索。纳入标准为经超声心动图检查发现符合PH无创诊断的变化，可通过B超主观判断或通过多普勒客观判断。如果X线或超声心动图记录不足或质量不佳，或者发现除慢性肺部疾病以外的其他疾病为病因，则将犬排除（n = 106）。35只犬的记录符合这些标准，并在出现慢性运动不耐受和发作性晕厥病史后出现呼吸危机。平均年龄为14.5岁（范围：7 - 19岁），其中雄性21只，雌性14只。大多数犬有间质性肺纹理，并有右心扩大的X线证据。死亡率为77%（n = 27），中位生存期为60天（四分位间距：9 - 210天）。本研究强调了香港中老年北京犬因慢性肺实质疾病导致PH引起的肺心病综合征，预后严重。
