Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada; Healthy Starts Theme, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2018;158:299-323. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
The development of mental disorders constitutes a complex phenomenon driven by unique social, psychological and biological factors such as genetics and epigenetics, throughout an individual's life course. Both environmental and genetic factors have an impact on mental health phenotypes and act simultaneously to induce changes in brain and behavior. Here, we describe and critically evaluate the current literature on gene-environment interactions and epigenetics on mental health by highlighting recent human and animal studies. We furthermore review some of the main ethical and social implications concerning gene-environment interactions and epigenetics and provide explanations and suggestions on how to move from statistical and epigenetic associations to biological and psychological explanations within a multi-disciplinary and integrative approach of understanding mental health.
精神障碍的发展是一个复杂的现象，受到独特的社会、心理和生物因素的驱动，如遗传学和表观遗传学，贯穿于个体的整个生命周期。环境和遗传因素都对心理健康表型有影响，并同时作用于大脑和行为的变化。在这里，我们通过强调最近的人类和动物研究，描述和批判性地评估了关于精神健康的基因-环境相互作用和表观遗传学的现有文献。我们还回顾了一些关于基因-环境相互作用和表观遗传学的主要伦理和社会影响，并就如何从统计学和表观遗传学关联过渡到生物和心理解释，提供了一些解释和建议，以在多学科和综合的精神健康理解方法中进行。
