National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hil, NC 27514, United States of America.
J Breath Res. 2018 Aug 21;12(4):046009. doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/aad825.
Investigation employing bronchoalveolar lavage supports both increased and decreased iron concentrations in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of smokers. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is an alternative approach to sampling the ELF. We evaluated for an association between iron homeostasis and both smoking and a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by measuring metal concentrations in EBC samples from non-smoker controls, smoker controls, and individuals diagnosed with COPD. The total number of EBC specimens was 194. EBC iron and zinc concentrations (mean ± standard error) in the total study population were 0.610 ± 0.025 and 40.73 ± 1.79 ppb respectively. In linear regressions, total cigarette smoking in pack years showed a significant (negative) relationship with EBC iron concentration but not with EBC zinc concentration. Iron concentrations in EBC from GOLD stage II, III, and IV patients were all significantly decreased relative to those from non-smoker and smoker controls. In contrast to iron, zinc concentrations in EBC were not significantly different than those from non-smoker and smoker controls. It is concluded that smoking decreases EBC iron concentrations and patients diagnosed with COPD have significantly lower EBC iron concentrations. These results likely reflect an increased burden of cigarette smoke particles in the lower respiratory tract of ever-smokers and patients with COPD and the capacity of components in this particle to complex iron.
采用支气管肺泡灌洗的研究结果表明，吸烟者的肺泡上皮衬液（ELF）中的铁浓度增加和减少。呼出气冷凝物（EBC）是一种替代方法来采集 ELF。我们通过测量非吸烟者对照、吸烟者对照和诊断为慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的个体的 EBC 样本中的金属浓度，评估铁稳态与吸烟和 COPD 诊断之间的关联。EBC 样本的总数为 194 个。在整个研究人群中，EBC 铁和锌浓度（平均值±标准误差）分别为 0.610±0.025 和 40.73±1.79 ppb。在线性回归中，总吸烟包年数与 EBC 铁浓度呈显著（负）相关，但与 EBC 锌浓度无关。GOLD 分期 II、III 和 IV 患者的 EBC 中的铁浓度均明显低于非吸烟者和吸烟者对照。与铁相反，EBC 中的锌浓度与非吸烟者和吸烟者对照没有显著差异。结论是吸烟会降低 EBC 中的铁浓度，而诊断为 COPD 的患者的 EBC 中的铁浓度明显降低。这些结果可能反映了吸烟对下呼吸道中香烟烟雾颗粒的负担增加，以及这些颗粒中与铁络合的成分的能力。
