Broome Sophie C, Woodhead Jonathan S T, Merry Troy L
Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2018 Aug 8;7(8):107. doi: 10.3390/antiox7080107.
One of the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal muscle is the mitochondria. Prolonged or very high ROS exposure causes oxidative damage, which can be deleterious to muscle function, and as such, there is growing interest in targeting antioxidants to the mitochondria in an effort to prevent or treat muscle dysfunction and damage associated with disease and injury. Paradoxically, however, ROS also act as important signalling molecules in controlling cellular homeostasis, and therefore caution must be taken when supplementing with antioxidants. It is possible that mitochondria-targeted antioxidants may limit oxidative stress without suppressing ROS from non-mitochondrial sources that might be important for cell signalling. Therefore, in this review, we summarise literature relating to the effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants on skeletal muscle function. Overall, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants appear to exert beneficial effects on mitochondrial capacity and function, insulin sensitivity and age-related declines in muscle function. However, it seems that this is dependent on the type of mitochondrial-trageted antioxidant employed, and its specific mechanism of action, rather than simply targeting to the mitochondria.
骨骼肌中活性氧（ROS）的主要来源之一是线粒体。长时间或高剂量暴露于ROS会导致氧化损伤，这可能对肌肉功能有害，因此，人们越来越关注将抗氧化剂靶向线粒体，以预防或治疗与疾病和损伤相关的肌肉功能障碍和损伤。然而，矛盾的是，ROS在控制细胞内稳态方面也起着重要的信号分子作用，因此在补充抗氧化剂时必须谨慎。线粒体靶向抗氧化剂可能会限制氧化应激，而不会抑制来自非线粒体来源的可能对细胞信号传导很重要的ROS。因此，在本综述中，我们总结了与线粒体靶向抗氧化剂对骨骼肌功能影响相关的文献。总体而言，线粒体靶向抗氧化剂似乎对线粒体容量和功能、胰岛素敏感性以及与年龄相关的肌肉功能下降具有有益作用。然而，这似乎取决于所使用的线粒体靶向抗氧化剂的类型及其具体作用机制，而不仅仅是靶向线粒体。
