College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Ningxia Grape and Wine Research Institute, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750000, China.
Molecules. 2018 Aug 9;23(8):1983. doi: 10.3390/molecules23081983.
Amino acid contents and their derived volatile compositions in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines after regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) were investigated during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons in Yinchuan (NingXia, China). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used for amino acid and volatile compound analyses. Three RDI strategies were tested: 60% (RDI-1), 70% (RDI-2), and 80% (RDI-3) of grapevine estimated evapotranspiration (ETc), and 100% ETc was used as the control group (CK). RDI-treated vines had lower yields and berry weights with higher total soluble solids than the control treatment. RDI-1 increased proline levels in berries and wines. RDI-2 enhanced tyrosine and asparagine levels in wines. RDI-3 enhanced arginine, alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine levels in berries and wines. RDI-2 and RDI-3 increased the concentrations of 2-methyl-1-butyl acetate, benzaldehyde, 3-methyl-1-pentanol, and 3-methyl-1-butanol in wines. The accumulation of volatile compounds was closely related to the amino acid concentrations-especially isoleucine, valine, and leucine-in grapes. Our results showed that RDI treatments altered amino acid concentrations and their derived volatile compositions in wines.
在 2015 年和 2016 年的生长季节，在中国宁夏银川，研究了调控亏缺灌溉（RDI）后赤霞珠葡萄和葡萄酒中的氨基酸含量及其衍生的挥发性成分。采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析氨基酸和挥发性化合物。测试了三种 RDI 策略：葡萄估计蒸散量（ETc）的 60%（RDI-1）、70%（RDI-2）和 80%（RDI-3），以及 100% ETc 作为对照组（CK）。与对照处理相比，RDI 处理的葡萄藤产量和浆果重量较低，但总可溶性固形物较高。RDI-1 增加了浆果和葡萄酒中的脯氨酸水平。RDI-2 提高了葡萄酒中天冬酰胺和酪氨酸的水平。RDI-3 提高了浆果和葡萄酒中精氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的水平。RDI-2 和 RDI-3 增加了葡萄酒中 2-甲基-1-丁酯、苯甲醛、3-甲基-1-戊醇和 3-甲基-1-丁醇的浓度。挥发性化合物的积累与葡萄中的氨基酸浓度密切相关，尤其是异亮氨酸、缬氨酸和亮氨酸。我们的结果表明，RDI 处理改变了葡萄酒中氨基酸浓度及其衍生的挥发性成分。
