Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
Pest Manag Sci. 2019 Mar;75(3):736-743. doi: 10.1002/ps.5173. Epub 2018 Oct 7.
Little importance has been given to the role of natural mortality factors (biotic and abiotic) in the regulation of tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) populations. The present study determined the action of mortality factors on T. absoluta populations infesting cultivated tomato crops. Eighty ecological life tables for T. absoluta in field cultivated tomato plants were constructed and analyzed.
Total T. absoluta mortality was 99.08%, with 38.76% mortality during the egg phase, 57.20% in the larva phase and 3.12% in the pupal phase. The main mortality factors during the egg stage were predation, parasitism and egg inviability. In the larval stage, the main mortality factors were predation, parasitism, entomopathogenic agents and physiological disorders. In the pupal stage, the main mortality factor was predation. The larvae of the third and fourth instar were more susceptible to the action of mortality factors and the predatory wasp, Protonectarina sylveirae, was the main insect predator of these larvae.
The T. absoluta population is regulated under field conditions by the action of natural enemies of the larvae. The predatory wasp P. sylveirae is very important in the regulation of T. absoluta populations in open-field tomato crops in Brazil. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
自然死亡因素（生物和非生物）在调节番茄斑潜蝇 Tuta absoluta（鳞翅目：潜蝇科）种群方面的作用尚未得到重视。本研究旨在确定死亡因素对番茄作物上番茄斑潜蝇种群的作用。构建并分析了 80 个田间栽培番茄植株上番茄斑潜蝇的生态生命表。
番茄斑潜蝇总死亡率为 99.08%，其中卵期死亡率为 38.76%，幼虫期死亡率为 57.20%，蛹期死亡率为 3.12%。卵期的主要死亡因素为捕食、寄生和卵不育。在幼虫期，主要的死亡因素是捕食、寄生、昆虫病原真菌和生理失调。在蛹期，主要的死亡因素是捕食。三、四龄幼虫更容易受到死亡因素的影响，捕食性黄蜂 Protonectarina sylveirae 是这些幼虫的主要捕食性昆虫。
在田间条件下，自然天敌的作用调节了番茄斑潜蝇种群。在巴西露地番茄作物中，捕食性黄蜂 P. sylveirae 对番茄斑潜蝇种群的调节非常重要。 © 2018 化学工业协会。
