a Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran.
b Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Mar;44(3):255-262. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0307. Epub 2018 Aug 14.
There is little understanding about dietary proteins and their potential contribution to obesity-induced inflammation. This study investigates the effect of 10 weeks of aerobic training and whey protein (WP) supplementation on visceral adipose tissue inflammation in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). In the first phase, which lasted 9 weeks, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: (1) normal diet (n = 8), and (2) HFD (n = 32). In the second phase, rats fed an HFD were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 8/group): (1) sedentary, (2) WP, (3) aerobic training, and (4) WP + aerobic training. The aerobic training was performed for 10 weeks, 5 days/week at 21 m/min, 15% incline, for 60 min/day. HFD significantly increased body weight, adiposity index, fat pads weight, glucose levels, and insulin resistance index compared with the normal diet. Also, levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in adipose tissue and serum levels of TNF-α were increased in the HFD group. Glucose levels, insulin resistance index, and triglycerides were reduced only by WP, independently of aerobic training. Both the aerobic training and WP reduced the fat pads weight and levels of TNF-α, HIF-1α, and VEGF-A in adipose tissue. Nevertheless, the levels of MCP-1 in adipose tissue and serum levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 were not reduced significantly by WP or aerobic training. These findings suggest that both aerobic training and WP supplementation lead to a reduction in adiposity and ameliorate obesity-induced inflammation in visceral adipose tissue.
关于饮食蛋白质及其对肥胖引起的炎症的潜在贡献，人们知之甚少。本研究调查了 10 周有氧运动训练和乳清蛋白（WP）补充对高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养大鼠内脏脂肪组织炎症的影响。在第一阶段，持续 9 周，将 40 只雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为 2 组：（1）正常饮食（n = 8）和（2）HFD（n = 32）。在第二阶段，喂养 HFD 的大鼠被随机分为 4 组（n = 8/组）：（1）久坐，（2）WP，（3）有氧运动，和（4）WP + 有氧运动。有氧运动持续 10 周，每周 5 天，以 21 m/min、15%的坡度、每天 60 分钟进行。与正常饮食相比，HFD 显著增加了体重、肥胖指数、脂肪垫重量、血糖水平和胰岛素抵抗指数。此外，脂肪组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）、缺氧诱导因子 1 ɑ（HIF-1ɑ）和血管内皮生长因子 A（VEGF-A）水平以及血清中 TNF-α水平在 HFD 组中升高。仅 WP 可降低血糖水平、胰岛素抵抗指数和甘油三酯，而与有氧运动无关。有氧运动和 WP 均可降低脂肪垫重量和脂肪组织中 TNF-α、HIF-1ɑ和 VEGF-A 的水平。然而，WP 或有氧运动训练并未显著降低脂肪组织中 MCP-1 的水平和血清中 TNF-α和 MCP-1 的水平。这些发现表明，有氧运动训练和 WP 补充均可减少肥胖并改善内脏脂肪组织中肥胖引起的炎症。
