Vinogradova Lyudmila V, Shatskova Alla B
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Epilepsy Behav. 2018 Oct;87:195-199. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.07.016. Epub 2018 Aug 11.
Transient postictal behavioral impairments in patients with epilepsy provide clues to seizure localization, but no attempt has been made previously to study the localization/lateralization value of postseizure motor disturbances in experimental models of epilepsy. The present study investigated relation of postictal motor deficit to seizure localization in the rat model of sound-induced reflex epilepsy. Sound-induced motor seizures started with a focal brainstem seizure (running) and progressed to a secondarily generalized seizure. Depending on innate or acquired seizure susceptibility of rats, focal brainstem seizures secondarily generalized within the brainstem (brainstem-generalized seizures) or spread to the forebrain (focal or generalized forebrain seizures). All sound-induced seizures were followed by catalepsy and abnormal limb posturing. The duration of the postictal catalepsy and the pattern of the posture abnormality depended on brainstem or forebrain localization of secondarily generalized seizures. Brainstem-driven seizures induced long-lasting whole-body catalepsy and cataleptic limb posture in the postictal period. Secondary seizure generalization to the forebrain led to shortening postictal catalepsy and development of rigid limb posturing. Asymmetric limb posturing was always observed after focal forebrain seizures, and the postictal asymmetry was closely linked to ictal asymmetry of the earliest running seizure phase, predicting lateralization of the seizure-onset side. This is the first demonstration of circuit-specific postictal behavioral impairments and their localization and lateralization values in epileptic rats.
癫痫患者发作后的短暂行为障碍为癫痫灶定位提供了线索，但此前尚未有人尝试在癫痫实验模型中研究发作后运动障碍的定位/定侧价值。本研究在声音诱发的反射性癫痫大鼠模型中，调查了发作后运动缺陷与癫痫灶定位之间的关系。声音诱发的运动性癫痫发作始于局灶性脑干发作（奔跑），并进展为继发性全身性发作。根据大鼠先天或后天的癫痫易感性，局灶性脑干发作在脑干内继发性泛化（脑干全身性发作）或扩散至前脑（局灶性或全身性前脑发作）。所有声音诱发的癫痫发作后均出现僵住症和异常肢体姿势。发作后僵住症的持续时间和姿势异常模式取决于继发性全身性发作的脑干或前脑定位。脑干驱动的癫痫发作在发作后阶段诱发持久的全身僵住症和僵住性肢体姿势。癫痫继发性泛化至前脑导致发作后僵住症缩短和僵硬肢体姿势的出现。局灶性前脑发作后总是观察到不对称肢体姿势，且发作后的不对称与最早奔跑发作阶段的发作期不对称密切相关，可预测癫痫发作起始侧的定侧。这是首次在癫痫大鼠中证明特定环路的发作后行为障碍及其定位和定侧价值。
