The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266072, China.
Chemosphere. 2018 Oct;209:848-856. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.113. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
This study was performed to determine the distribution and chemical fractions of five heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in sediment from three sampling areas in Swan Lagoon, and their relation to the physiochemical properties of sediment were explored. The results revealed that Cd in sediment from the sand part (SP), muddy sand part (MSP) and sand muddy part (SMP) were potentially highly susceptible and bioavailable since the exchangeable fractions were 21.0%, 27.4%, and 32.1%, respectively, of the total concentrations. A portion of Pb and Zn were observed as reducible fractions owing to their affinity to Fe-Mn; they were able to complex with Fe-Mn oxides and oxyhydroxides in the sediment. A large amount of Cu in the oxidizable fraction may be due to the fact that Cu can easily form stable complexes with organic matter. Cr was overwhelmingly found in the residual fraction, suggesting that Cr was strongly bound in mineral lattices. Enrichment factors (EF) indicated that Cd in three sampling areas suffered severe enrichment, whereas other metals were present in only minor amounts. In addition, Cd may pose a medium to high risk in the MSP and SMP based on risk assessment codes. According to the mean probable effects level quotient, the samples from the MSP and SMP had a 21% probability of toxicity. The multivariate statistical analysis suggested that sediment texture (d0.5, sand and silt), Fe-Mn, and the total organic carbon (TOC) influenced the distribution of the studied metals and their chemical fractions.
本研究旨在确定 Swan 泻湖三个采样区沉积物中五种重金属（Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb 和 Zn）的分布和化学形态，并探讨它们与沉积物理化性质的关系。结果表明，砂部分（SP）、泥砂部分（MSP）和砂泥部分（SMP）沉积物中的 Cd 具有较高的潜在生物可利用性和易迁移性，因为其可交换态分别占总浓度的 21.0%、27.4%和 32.1%。部分 Pb 和 Zn 为可还原态，这是由于它们与 Fe-Mn 亲和力较强，能够与沉积物中的 Fe-Mn 氧化物和氢氧化物结合。大量的 Cu 存在于可氧化态中，可能是因为 Cu 容易与有机质形成稳定的配合物。Cr 主要以残渣态存在，表明 Cr 被强烈束缚在矿物晶格中。富集因子（EF）表明，三个采样区的 Cd 均受到严重富集，而其他金属的含量则较低。此外，根据风险评估代码，MSP 和 SMP 中的 Cd 可能存在中至高风险。根据平均概率效应水平商，MSP 和 SMP 的样品有 21%的毒性概率。多元统计分析表明，沉积物质地（d0.5、砂和粉砂）、Fe-Mn 和总有机碳（TOC）影响了研究金属及其化学形态的分布。
