Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2018 Aug 3;121(5):052301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.052301.
We demonstrate that the striking systematics of two-particle azimuthal Fourier harmonics v_{2} and v_{3} in ultrarelativistic collisions of protons, deuterons, and helium-3 ions off gold nuclei measured by the PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is reproduced in the color glass condensate effective field theory. This contradicts the claim in C. Aidala et al. (PHENIX Collaboration), arXiv:1805.02973, that their data rule out initial state-based explanations. The underlying systematics of the effect, as discussed previously in K. Dusling, M. Mace, R. Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. D 97, 016014 (2018)PRVDAQ2470-001010.1103/PhysRevD.97.016014; Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 042002 (2018)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.120.042002; Proc. Sci., QCDEV2017 (2018) 039, arise from the differing structure of strong color correlations between gluon domains of size 1/Q_{S} at fine (p_{⊥}⪆Q_{S}) or coarser (p_{⊥}⪅Q_{S}) transverse momentum resolution. Further tests of the limits of validity of this framework can be carried out in light-heavy ion collisions at both RHIC and the Large Hadron Collider. Such measurements also offer novel opportunities for further exploration of the role of the surprisingly large short-range nuclear correlations measured at Jefferson Lab.
我们证明，在相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）上的 PHENIX 合作组测量的质子、氘核和氦-3 离子与金原子核的超相对论碰撞中，两个粒子的方位角傅里叶谐波 v_2 和 v_3 的惊人系统学，可以在色玻璃凝聚有效场理论中得到重现。这与 C. Aidala 等人（PHENIX 合作组）在 arXiv:1805.02973 中声称的他们的数据排除了基于初始状态的解释相矛盾。正如 K. Dusling、M. Mace 和 R. Venugopalan 之前在 Phys. Rev. D 97, 016014 (2018)PRVDAQ2470-001010.1103/PhysRevD.97.016014; Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 042002 (2018)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.120.042002; Proc. Sci., QCDEV2017 (2018) 039 中讨论的那样，这种效应的基本系统学源于大小为 1/Q_S 的强色关联的胶子域在精细（p_⊥ ⪆ Q_S）或较粗（p_⊥ ⪅ Q_S）横向动量分辨率之间的不同结构。在 RHIC 和大型强子对撞机的轻-重离子碰撞中，可以进行进一步测试该框架的有效性限制。这些测量还为进一步探索在杰斐逊实验室测量到的惊人的短程核相关作用提供了新的机会。
