Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Departamento de Medicina Interna, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Avaliação de Tecnologia em Saúde (IATS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2019 Jul-Aug;95(4):385-400. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.07.009. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
This study aimed to assess the quality of systematic reviews on prevention and non-pharmacological treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.
A search was done in electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, the Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials), including only systematic reviews with meta-analysis. Reviews were selected by two researchers, and a third one solved the divergences. PRISMA statement and checklist were followed.
A total of 4574 records were retrieved, including 24 after selection. Six reviews were on obesity prevention, 17 on obesity treatment, and one on mixed interventions for prevention and treatment of obesity. The interventions were very heterogeneous and showed little or no effects on weight or body mass index. Mixed interventions that included dieting, exercise, actions to reduce sedentary behavior, and programs involving the school or families showed some short-term positive effects. Reviews that analyzed cardiovascular risk factors demonstrated significant improvements in the short-term.
The systematic reviews of interventions to prevent or reduce obesity in children and adolescents generally showed little or no effects on weight or body mass index, although cardiovascular profile can be improved. Mixed interventions demonstrated better effects, but the long-term impact of obesity treatments of children and adolescents remains unclear.
本研究旨在评估儿童和青少年超重和肥胖预防及非药物治疗的系统评价质量。
仅对包含荟萃分析的系统评价进行了电子数据库（Medline 通过 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、LILACS、Cochrane 图书馆和临床试验）检索。由两名研究人员对综述进行选择，第三位研究人员解决分歧。报告遵循 PRISMA 声明和清单。
共检索到 4574 条记录，选择后得到 24 条。6 篇综述涉及肥胖预防，17 篇涉及肥胖治疗，1 篇涉及肥胖预防和治疗的混合干预措施。干预措施差异很大，对体重或体重指数几乎没有影响或影响很小。包括节食、运动、减少久坐行为的措施以及涉及学校或家庭的方案在内的混合干预措施显示出一些短期的积极效果。分析心血管危险因素的综述显示，短期效果显著。
预防或减轻儿童和青少年肥胖的干预措施的系统评价一般对体重或体重指数几乎没有影响，尽管心血管特征可以得到改善。混合干预措施显示出更好的效果，但儿童和青少年肥胖治疗的长期影响仍不清楚。
