Junhirun Puntipa, Pluempanupat Wanchai, Yooboon Thitaree, Ruttanaphan Torranis, Koul Opender, Bullangpoti Vasakorn
Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Special Research Unit for Advanced Magnetic Resonance, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Dec 14;111(6):2699-2705. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy246.
The antifeedant and contact toxicity of Sphagneticola trilobata L. (Asterales: Asteraceae) extracts and isolated alkane compounds were investigated. Leaves of S. trilobata were sequentially extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract and the compounds isolated were evaluated against the third instars of Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Ethyl acetate extract and isolated alkanes were feeding deterrents as well as contact toxins against all the three species evaluated (FI50 ~ 0.27-2.34 mg/ml; LD50 ~ 0.88-4.2 µg/larvae for ethyl acetate extract, and FI50 ~ 0.06-4.35 mg/ml; LD50 ~ 0.72-3.54 Ethyl acetate extract for isolated alkane). Impact on detoxifying enzymes was variable. The ethyl acetate crude extract reduced carboxylesterase activity in S. litura and P. xylostella while in S. exigua the enzyme was induced. In contrast, glutathione-S-transferase activity was induced in S. exigua but no significant difference in P. xylostella and S.litura was observed. Our results suggest that the S. trilobata extracts have multiple biological activities that contribute to the toxicity in lepidopterans. Variable enzyme responses to the products evaluated in different lepidopteran species also confirm that some species-specific inductions do occur, suggesting the possibility of resistance development in the future, which cannot be summarily ignored. However, for this detailed biochemical studies are required. Multiple bioefficacies of S. trilobata makes it a potential botanical for further exploitation on larger scale so that field potential can be established in any integrated pest management (IPM) system.
研究了三裂叶蟛蜞菊（Asterales: Asteraceae）提取物和分离出的烷烃化合物的拒食活性和触杀毒性。用己烷、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯和甲醇依次提取三裂叶蟛蜞菊的叶片。对提取的每种提取物和分离出的化合物进行了测试，以评估其对斜纹夜蛾（Spodoptera litura (F.)，鳞翅目：夜蛾科）、甜菜夜蛾（Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)，鳞翅目：夜蛾科）和小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella L.，鳞翅目：菜蛾科）三龄幼虫的作用。乙酸乙酯提取物和分离出的烷烃对所评估的三种昆虫均具有拒食活性和触杀毒性（乙酸乙酯提取物的拒食中浓度（FI50）约为0.27 - 2.34 mg/ml，致死中浓度（LD50）约为0.88 - 4.2 μg/幼虫；分离出的烷烃的FI50约为0.06 - 4.35 mg/ml，LD50约为0.72 - 3.54 μg/幼虫）。对解毒酶的影响各不相同。乙酸乙酯粗提物降低了斜纹夜蛾和小菜蛾体内羧酸酯酶的活性，而在甜菜夜蛾中该酶被诱导。相反，甜菜夜蛾体内谷胱甘肽 - S -转移酶的活性被诱导，而小菜蛾和斜纹夜蛾中未观察到显著差异。我们的结果表明，三裂叶蟛蜞菊提取物具有多种生物活性，这些活性导致了其对鳞翅目昆虫的毒性。不同鳞翅目昆虫对所评估产物的酶反应不同，这也证实了确实存在一些物种特异性诱导现象，这表明未来可能会产生抗性，不能一概忽视。然而，对此需要进行详细的生化研究。三裂叶蟛蜞菊的多种生物活性使其成为一种有潜力的植物，可进一步大规模开发利用，以便在任何综合害虫管理（IPM）系统中确定其田间应用潜力。
