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亲密伴侣暴力受害者的求助行为:发展中国家的跨国分析

Help-Seeking Behaviors of Intimate Partner Violence Victims: A Cross-National Analysis in Developing Nations.

作者信息

Goodson Amanda, Hayes Brittany E

机构信息

Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA.

出版信息

J Interpers Violence. 2021 May;36(9-10):NP4705-NP4727. doi: 10.1177/0886260518794508. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Abstract

There is a dearth of research on help-seeking behaviors of intimate partner violence (IPV) victims, especially within developing nations. The current study uses the nationally representative population-based Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 31 nations to address this gap in the literature. Specifically, the study (a) assesses the extent to which IPV victims sought help in developing nations, (b) investigates from whom IPV victims sought help, and (c) evaluates individual and national factors that influence the likelihood of help seeking among IPV victims in developing nations. Given the hierarchical structure of the data, multilevel modeling techniques are used (individual level = 65,530; national level = 31). Descriptive findings revealed 34.88% of IPV victims engaged in help-seeking behaviors and the majority of victims who sought help reached out to family members (63.10%). Few IPV victims (3.24%) sought help from formal institutions. Results from the hierarchical generalized linear regression models indicated the severity of abuse, attitudes toward IPV, and indicators of empowerment all affected the likelihood of help seeking. National-level factors, including whether the nation had a law against IPV, were not significant. While providing formal services is important, policies designed to help IPV victims must recognize and address cultural barriers that may inhibit help-seeking behaviors. Because the majority of IPV victims sought help from informal support networks, it is important that individuals in these extended networks receive information about gendered norms and IPV so they can extend help and respond appropriately to family and friends.

摘要

关于亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)受害者寻求帮助行为的研究匮乏,尤其是在发展中国家。当前的研究利用对31个国家具有全国代表性的基于人口的人口与健康调查(DHS)来填补文献中的这一空白。具体而言,该研究(a)评估了发展中国家IPV受害者寻求帮助的程度,(b)调查了IPV受害者向谁寻求帮助,以及(c)评估了影响发展中国家IPV受害者寻求帮助可能性的个人和国家因素。鉴于数据的层次结构,使用了多层次建模技术(个体层面 = 65,530;国家层面 = 31)。描述性结果显示,34.88%的IPV受害者采取了寻求帮助的行为,而寻求帮助的受害者中大多数向家庭成员求助(63.10%)。很少有IPV受害者(3.24%)向正规机构求助。分层广义线性回归模型的结果表明,虐待的严重程度、对IPV的态度以及赋权指标均影响寻求帮助的可能性。国家层面的因素,包括该国是否有禁止IPV的法律,并不显著。虽然提供正规服务很重要,但旨在帮助IPV受害者的政策必须认识到并解决可能抑制寻求帮助行为的文化障碍。由于大多数IPV受害者向非正式支持网络寻求帮助,因此这些扩展网络中的个人获得有关性别规范和IPV的信息非常重要,这样他们就可以提供帮助并对家人和朋友做出适当回应。

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