Hernández Gabriel A, Zamora Salas Juan D
Bach. Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación. M. Sc. Ciencias del Movimiento Humano. Promotor de Salud Física en Coopesana R.L. San José, Costa Rica.
Bach. Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación. M. Sc. Nutrición Humana. Escuela de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud, Universidad de Costa Rica. San José, Costa Rica.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2017 Jan-Feb;19(1):123-128. doi: 10.15446/rsap.v19n1.61910.
Low back pain is an illness with various economic and social repercussions since it is one on the most causes of work absence worldwide. When the patient feels pain in the back, there is an uncertainty regarding a possible risk or cause for low back pain; however, diagnosis is not easy, and around 90 % of the cases do not present physical evidence, therefore, the problem is classified as a non-specific low back pain. Treatment includes body movement, because rest weakens the back muscles and causes atrophy; the recommended exercise methods include exercises for the trunk and abdomen muscles mainly, muscular resistance, spinal stability, Pilates, Williams and Mckenzie exercises, Feldenkrais and Alexander techniques, among others.
腰痛是一种具有多种经济和社会影响的疾病，因为它是全球工作缺勤的主要原因之一。当患者感到背部疼痛时，对于腰痛可能的风险或原因存在不确定性；然而，诊断并不容易，大约90%的病例没有物理证据，因此，该问题被归类为非特异性腰痛。治疗包括身体运动，因为休息会削弱背部肌肉并导致萎缩；推荐的锻炼方法主要包括针对躯干和腹部肌肉的锻炼、肌肉阻力、脊柱稳定性、普拉提、威廉姆斯和麦肯齐锻炼法、费登奎斯法和亚历山大技术等。
