Aandstad Anders, Hageberg Rune
Section for Military Sport and Training, Norwegian Defence Command and Staff College, Norwegian Defence University College, Sentrum, Oslo, Norway.
Mil Med. 2019 Mar 1;184(3-4):e245-e252. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usy195.
The Norwegian armed forces reintroduced physical fitness testing of prospective conscript soldiers in 2011. Since then, a customized maximal treadmill test (MILMAX) has been used to screen aerobic fitness in 15-20,000 young Norwegian men and women annually. The aim of the current study was to investigate reliability and validity of the MILMAX test.
Sixty-seven young Army recruits (including 11 women) participated in this method comparison study. The subjects completed the MILMAX test twice (test-retest), consisting of walking and running at increasing speed and inclination until voluntarily exhaustion. Performance was registered as exercise tolerance time (ETT). Later, the subjects performed a treadmill test of direct maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max). All tests were conducted within 15 days. The study protocol was submitted to the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics for review, prior to study initiation. The Committee considered the study to be exempted from notification. The study was carried out according to the guidelines in the Declaration of Helsinki.
There was no significant mean difference in MILMAX ETT between test and retest. Test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.95 (0.91, 0.97), while 95% limits of agreement was ± 60 seconds. Regression analyses showed that MILMAX ETT and gender explained 78% of the variance in directly measured V̇O2max, and a prediction equation with these two independent variables was generated. The Pearson correlation coefficient between predicted and directly measured V̇O2max was 0.89 (0.83, 0.93), while limits of agreement was ± 5.6 mL·kg-1·min-1.
The MILMAX is equally reliable and valid compared with well-known maximal indirect tests like the 2-mile run and the 20-m shuttle run test, and may serve as an alternative indoor test of aerobic fitness in the military, in other potentially physically strenuous occupations, or in healthy civilians.
挪威武装部队于2011年重新引入了对预备役应征士兵的体能测试。从那时起，一种定制的最大跑步机测试（MILMAX）每年被用于对15000至20000名挪威年轻男女的有氧适能进行筛查。本研究的目的是调查MILMAX测试的可靠性和有效性。
67名年轻陆军新兵（包括11名女性）参与了这项方法比较研究。受试者完成了两次MILMAX测试（重测），包括以逐渐增加的速度和坡度行走和跑步，直至自愿力竭。表现记录为运动耐力时间（ETT）。随后，受试者进行了直接最大摄氧量（V̇O2max）的跑步机测试。所有测试均在15天内完成。在研究开始前，研究方案已提交给地区医学与健康研究伦理委员会进行审查。该委员会认为该研究无需通知。本研究按照《赫尔辛基宣言》中的指南进行。
测试与重测之间的MILMAX ETT无显著平均差异。重测组内相关系数为0.95（0.91，0.97），而95%一致性界限为±60秒。回归分析表明，MILMAX ETT和性别解释了直接测量的V̇O2max中78%的方差，并生成了包含这两个自变量的预测方程。预测的V̇O2max与直接测量的V̇O2max之间的Pearson相关系数为0.89（0.83，0.93），而一致性界限为±5.6 mL·kg-1·min-1。
与2英里跑和20米穿梭跑测试等著名的最大间接测试相比，MILMAX同样可靠且有效，可作为军队、其他潜在体力要求高的职业或健康平民有氧适能的替代室内测试。
