Synthesis and evaluation of a pentafluorobenzamide stationary phase for HPLC separations in the reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction modes.

A pentafluorobenzamide stationary phase was synthesized by an easy method with no intermediate purification steps. Physicochemical characterization (elemental analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Si and C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) confirmed the presence of pentafluorobenzamide functionalization on the surface of the silica particles. The pentafluorobenzamide stationary phase proved to be quite versatile as it can be used in two different modes in liquid chromatography: reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Chromatographic characterizations in both modes confirmed the multiple interactions established by the new stationary phase, such as hydrogen bonding and π-π and ion-exchange interactions. The pentafluorobenzamide stationary phase was successfully employed for the separation of nucleosides and antihypertensive drugs under hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography conditions, as well as pesticides and benzodiazepine using reversed phase conditions. The stationary phase showed significant potential when compared with commercial columns.