Zhang Li, Feng Jun, Zhang Shao-sen, Xia Zhi-gui, Zhou Shui-sen
Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2016 Dec;34(6):477-81.
The 2015 malaria epidemiological data reported through the annual malaria statistics reporting system were collected and analyzed. Totally 3 288 malaria cases were reported in 664 counties of 31 Provinces/Municipalities/Autonomous Regions （P/M/A） in 2015, which increased by 6.8% in comparison to that of 2014 （3 078 cases）, and the incidence in 2015 was 0.024 0/10 000. The cases were reported primarily from Provinces of Yunnan （18.4%, 606/3 288）, Jiangsu （12.3%, 405/3 288）, Sichuan （8.8%, 290/3 288）, Guangxi （7.2%, 236/3 288） and Shandong（6.4%, 212/3 288）. Of all the cases, 40（1.2%, 40/3 288） were indigenous cases, mainly distributed in the border area of Yunnan （six counties）, Tibet （one county）, Liaoning （one county） and Hainan （one county）. There was one case of whom the source of infection was unknown. The locally-infected falciparum malaria was only found in Cangyuan County of Yunnan（1 case）. The prevalence of indigenous malaria in Motuo County of the Tibet Autonomous Region was over 1/10 000. Meanwhile, there were 3 248（98.8%, 3 248/3 288） abroad-imported cases which widely distributed in the 31 P/M/As. In addition, 3 265（99.3%, 3 265/3 288） of the reported cases were confirmed in reference laboratories, comprising 878 cases of Plasmodium vivax（26.9%, 878/3 265） 1 992 cases of P. falciparum（61.0%, 1 992/3 265）, 76 cases of P. malariae（2.3%, 76/3 265）, 272 cases of P. ovale（8.3%, 272/3 265） and 47 cases of mixed infection（1.4%, 47/3 265）. Furthermore, 163 cases（5.0%, 163/3 288） with severe clinical symptoms were reported in 14 P/M/As, with 20 deaths（0.6%, 20/3 288） in 10 P/M/As. Totally 3 116 malaria cases were reported through the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, including 39 indigenous cases. These data reflect achievements in malaria elimination, despite that challenges remain in boarder areas of Yunnan Province and in Motuo County of the Tibet Autonomous Region. Efforts are still needed in risk assesment for malaria re-transmission.
收集并分析了通过年度疟疾统计报告系统上报的2015年疟疾流行病学数据。2015年，全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）664个县共报告疟疾病例3288例，较2014年（3078例）上升6.8%，发病率为0.0240/万。病例主要来自云南（18.4%，606/3288）、江苏（12.3%，405/3288）、四川（8.8%，290/3288）、广西（7.2%，236/3288）和山东（6.4%，212/3288）等省。其中，本地感染病例40例（1.2%，40/3288），主要分布在云南边境地区（6个县）、西藏（1个县）、辽宁（1个县）和海南（1个县）。有1例感染源不明。仅在云南沧源县发现1例本地感染的恶性疟病例。西藏自治区墨脱县本地疟疾患病率超过1/万。同时，有3248例（98.8%，3248/3288）为输入性病例，广泛分布于31个省（自治区、直辖市）。此外，报告病例中3265例（99.3%，3265/3288）在参比实验室得到确诊，其中间日疟878例（26.9%，878/3265），恶性疟1992例（61.0%，1992/3265），三日疟76例（2.3%，76/3265），卵形疟272例（8.3%，272/3265），混合感染47例（1.4%，47/3265）。另外，14个省（自治区、直辖市）报告163例（5.0%，163/3288）临床症状严重的病例，10个省（自治区、直辖市）报告20例死亡病例（0.6%，20/3288）。通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统共报告疟疾病例3116例，其中本地感染病例39例。这些数据反映了我国在疟疾消除方面取得的成绩，尽管云南省边境地区和西藏自治区墨脱县仍面临挑战，疟疾再传播风险评估工作仍需加强。
