State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Aug 24;190(9):549. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6937-3.
Evaluation of groundwater quality represents significant input for the development and utilization of water resources. Increasing exploitation of groundwater and man-made pollution has seriously affected the groundwater quality of the North China Plain, such as in the Xuzhou region which is the target of this investigation. The assessment of the groundwater quality and sources in the region was based on analyses of water chemistry and Rn activity in samples collected from wells penetrating unconfined and confined aquifers. The results indicate that most of the untreated groundwater in the region is not suitable for the long-term drinking based on permissible limits of the Chinese Environmental Agency and the World Health Organization. However, the groundwater can be used as healthy source of drinking water when they can pass the biological test and softening water treatment. Most of the groundwater is suitable for irrigation. Excessive amounts of SO and NO are attributed to mainly influence of wastewater, irrigation, and dissolution of sulfate minerals in local coal strata. The major source of the groundwater is meteoric recharge with addition from irrigation and wastewater discharges. Variability of the water quality seems to be also reflecting the type of aquifers where the highest concentration of HCO occurs in water of the carbonate fractured aquifer, while the highest Cl concentration in the unconfined aquifer. Source of Rn activity is mainly related to the rock-water interaction with possible addition from the agricultural fertilizers. Protection of groundwater is vital to maintain sustainable drinking quality through reducing infiltration of irrigation water and wastewater.
地下水质量评价是水资源开发利用的重要依据。地下水的过度开采和人为污染，严重影响了中国华北平原的地下水水质，本研究以徐州地区为例。本研究基于对取自无压含水层和承压含水层水井的水样的水化学和氡活度分析，对该地区地下水水质和来源进行了评估。结果表明，根据中国环保部门和世界卫生组织规定的允许限值，该地区未经处理的地下水大部分不适宜长期饮用。然而，当这些地下水通过生物测试和软化水处理后，可作为健康的饮用水源。大部分地下水适宜灌溉。过量的 SO 和 NO 主要归因于废水、灌溉和当地煤系地层中硫酸盐矿物的溶解。地下水的主要来源是大气降水补给，加上灌溉和废水排放的补给。水质的变化似乎也反映了含水层的类型，其中 HCO 的浓度在碳酸盐裂隙含水层的水中最高，而 Cl 的浓度在无压含水层的水中最高。氡活度的来源主要与岩石-水相互作用有关，可能还与农业肥料的添加有关。通过减少灌溉水和废水的渗透，保护地下水对于维持可持续的饮用水质量至关重要。
