Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Phytochem Anal. 2019 Jan;30(1):73-82. doi: 10.1002/pca.2791. Epub 2018 Aug 24.
Cecropia pachystachya and C. hololeuca are common species in Brazil, popularly used to treat respiratory diseases. Phytochemical studies indicate that their leaves are rich in phenolic compounds, mainly C-glycosilated flavonoids. Orientin and isoorientin are reported in both species, while vitexina and isovitexina were reported in C. pachystachya. In addition, both are rich in chlorogenic acid and have some procyanidins. In some cases, syrups and teas are prepared from leaf blends from different species, which may affect the efficacy and safety of this natural medication. This problem motivated the investigation of the chemical profile of leaves of these species.
The phenolic chemical profiles from C. pachystachya and C. hololeuca methanolic extracts were analysed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS), to investigate possible differences in their metabolite production.
The methanolic extracts of both species were analysed by UPLC-DAD-MS using a C-18 reverse phase column, DAD at 190-400 nm and electrospray ionisation quadruple time-of-flight (ESI-Q-TOF) mass spectrometer. The separation methodology was validated and most of the flavones present in the extracts were quantified.
Thirty-seven compounds were tentatively identified, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, condensed tannins (procyanidins) and iridoids, through UV analysis and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra obtained in the negative mode. Chlorogenic acid, orientin and isoorientin were observed as the major constituents in both extracts.
Cecropia pachystachya presented a more diverse chemical profile than C. hololeuca. The methodology developed herein could be an important tool to analyse commercial Cecropia (embaúba) products.
塞克罗皮亚·帕奇斯塔恰亚（Cecropia pachystachya）和塞克罗皮亚·霍洛莱卡（C. hololeuca）是巴西常见的物种，常用于治疗呼吸系统疾病。植物化学研究表明，它们的叶子富含酚类化合物，主要是 C-糖基化类黄酮。这两个物种都含有荭草苷和异荭草苷，而帕奇斯塔恰亚种则含有牡荆苷和异牡荆苷。此外，它们都富含绿原酸，并含有一些原花青素。在某些情况下，会从不同物种的叶子混合物中制备糖浆和茶，这可能会影响这种天然药物的疗效和安全性。这个问题促使人们对这些物种叶子的化学成分进行了研究。
通过超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测-质谱联用（UPLC-DAD-MS）分析塞克罗皮亚·帕奇斯塔恰亚和塞克罗皮亚·霍洛莱卡甲醇提取物的酚类化学成分，以研究它们在代谢产物产生方面的可能差异。
使用 C-18 反相柱、DAD 在 190-400nm 处和电喷雾离子化四极杆飞行时间（ESI-Q-TOF）质谱仪，对两种物种的甲醇提取物进行 UPLC-DAD-MS 分析。对分离方法进行了验证，并对提取物中存在的大多数类黄酮进行了定量。
通过 UV 分析和在负离子模式下获得的串联质谱（MS/MS）图谱，共鉴定出 37 种化合物，包括类黄酮、酚酸、黄烷-3-醇、缩合单宁（原花青素）和环烯醚萜。在两种提取物中，绿原酸、荭草苷和异荭草苷被观察为主要成分。
塞克罗皮亚·帕奇斯塔恰亚的化学特征比塞克罗皮亚·霍洛莱卡更为多样化。本文所建立的方法可以成为分析商业塞克罗皮亚（embaúba）产品的重要工具。
