产前铅暴露改变了母亲自尊与儿童适应能力之间的关联。
Prenatal lead exposure modifies the association of maternal self-esteem with child adaptive ability.
机构信息
Department of Child Healthcare, The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Xinhua Hospital, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2019 Jan;222(1):68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.08.005. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
BACKGROUND
A child's adaptive ability is important for personal career and social development. Maternal self-esteem may help shape a child's behavior. This study aims to investigate whether maternal self-esteem measured when their children were toddlers predicts their children's adaptive skills at school age, and whether prenatal lead exposure modifies such a relationship.
METHODS
We assessed prenatal lead exposure using cord blood lead and maternal bone lead around delivery (tibia and patella lead measured in vivo by K-x-ray-fluorescence) among 192 mother-child pairs investigated in Mexico from 1994 to 2011. Maternal self-esteem was measured using the Coopersmith-Self-esteem-Inventory when children were 2 years old. When children were 7-to-15 years old, we measured children's blood lead levels and administered the 2nd edition of Behavior-Assessment-System-for-Children (BASC-2) parent-rating-scales (PRS) and Self-Reports of Personality (SRP) to evaluate children's adaptive skills.
RESULTS
Median (P25, P75) values for maternal patella and tibia lead, cord blood lead and children's current blood lead levels were 12.6 (3.2, 21.7) μg/g, 10.2 (4.1, 16.0) μg/g, 5.5 (3.5, 8.1) μg/dL and 2.7 (2.0, 4.0) μg/dL, respectively. In adjusted models, increased maternal self-esteem was associated with increased adaptive T-scores on the BASC-2 PRS and SRP scales. This relationship was weaker in high prenatal lead-exposure groups (high cord blood lead or patella lead groups, P25P100) compared with low prenatal lead-exposure (low cord blood lead or patella lead groups, P1P25) groups (P-interaction values < 0.10). No significant interactions between maternal tibia lead and self-esteem on children's adaptive T-scores were observed (P-interaction values > 0.10).
CONCLUSIONS
Toddlers of mothers with high (vs. low) self-esteem have better adaptive abilities when they are of school-age. Prenatal lead exposure may attenuate or eliminate this positive association.
背景
儿童的适应能力对个人职业和社会发展很重要。母亲的自尊心可能有助于塑造孩子的行为。本研究旨在探讨儿童幼儿期的母亲自尊心是否可以预测他们在学龄期的适应能力，以及产前铅暴露是否会改变这种关系。
方法
我们评估了 192 对 1994 年至 2011 年在墨西哥进行调查的母婴对子的产前铅暴露情况，使用脐带血铅和分娩时母亲骨铅（通过 K-x 射线荧光法活体测量胫骨和髌骨铅）进行测量。在儿童 2 岁时使用库珀斯米特-自尊量表测量母亲的自尊心。当孩子 7 至 15 岁时，我们测量了孩子的血铅水平，并进行了第 2 版行为评估系统儿童（BASC-2）父母评定量表（PRS）和自我报告人格量表（SRP），以评估孩子的适应能力。
结果
母亲髌骨和胫骨铅、脐带血铅和儿童当前血铅水平的中位数（第 25、75 百分位数）值分别为 12.6（3.2、21.7）μg/g、10.2（4.1、16.0）μg/g、5.5（3.5、8.1）μg/dL 和 2.7（2.0、4.0）μg/dL。在调整后的模型中，母亲自尊心增加与 BASC-2 PRS 和 SRP 量表上的适应性 T 评分增加有关。与低产前铅暴露（低脐带血铅或髌骨铅组，P1P25）组相比，这种关系在高产前铅暴露组（高脐带血铅或髌骨铅组，P25P100）中较弱（P 交互值<0.10）。未观察到母亲胫骨铅与儿童适应性 T 评分之间存在显著的交互作用（P 交互值>0.10）。
结论
母亲自尊心高（与低）的幼儿在学龄期时具有更好的适应能力。产前铅暴露可能会减弱或消除这种积极的关联。
Zotero 插件