Ning Nianzhi, Wang Hui
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2018 Aug 25;34(8):1297-1305. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.180005.
Horizontal gene transfer contributes to the spread of antibiotic-resistance cassettes, the distribution of toxin-encoding phages and the transfer of pathogenicity islands. Natural transformation, which is the process of competent cells to uptake free DNA from environment and to recombine this DNA into the chromosome, is a mode of horizontal gene transfer. Natural transformation promotes the spread of antibiotic-resistance cassettes among different bacteria, resulting in the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens poses an enormous threat to the treatment of infections. Natural transformation could occur in many bacteria, but the mechanism many be different in different bacteria. Also, the inducer and efficiency of natural transformation in different bacteria are influenced by various factors. This review focuses on the mechanism and influencing factors of natural transformation in bacteria.
水平基因转移有助于抗生素抗性基因盒的传播、毒素编码噬菌体的分布以及致病岛的转移。自然转化是感受态细胞从环境中摄取游离DNA并将该DNA重组到染色体中的过程，是水平基因转移的一种方式。自然转化促进了抗生素抗性基因盒在不同细菌间的传播，导致了抗生素抗性细菌的出现。抗生素抗性病原体的出现对感染治疗构成了巨大威胁。自然转化可发生在许多细菌中，但不同细菌中的机制可能不同。此外，不同细菌中自然转化的诱导物和效率受多种因素影响。本综述聚焦于细菌自然转化的机制及影响因素。
