Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Av. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Oct;25(30):30366-30374. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2948-4. Epub 2018 Aug 29.
Mercury is a toxic element. It undergoes biomagnification in the marine trophic chain, which is why it is significant to identify the factors influencing its bioaccumulation on the first level of the trophic chain. At present, the input of heavy metals to the southern Baltic is being reduced. On the other hand, the parameters influencing mercury remobilisation in the environment are a subject to a long-time trend associated with climate changes. Examples include growing number of heavy rain events causing surges or floods, and increased frequency of storm winds leading to increased coastal erosion as well as overall temperature increase. The present studies were carried out in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic) for 18 months at two stations (Chałupy and Osłonino) located in the Puck Lagoon, and for 12 months in Gdynia. Climate changes influence the abundance and species composition of phytoplankton, which in consequence has an effect on Hg accumulation and magnification in the trophic chain, and in the human body as a result. Extreme phenomena such as land erosion or floods resulted in an additional inflow of nutrients, but also toxic substances, into the coastal zone. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) increased almost four times after abrasion of cliff. That was conducive to the growth of microflora, as well as increased Hg accumulation. The highest bioconcentration of Hg in phytoplankton was observed when the Mesodinium rubrum (spring and autumn) and Diatomophyceae (winter) prevailed in biomass. The BCF was then almost tenfold higher than during the rest of the year.
汞是一种有毒元素。它在海洋营养链中发生生物放大，因此识别影响其在营养链第一级生物积累的因素非常重要。目前，重金属向波罗的海南部的输入正在减少。另一方面，影响汞在环境中重新移动的参数是与气候变化有关的长时间趋势的主题。例如，暴雨事件的数量不断增加导致洪峰或洪水，风暴风的频率增加导致海岸侵蚀增加以及整体温度升高。本研究在加迪尼亚湾（波罗的海南部）的沿海地区进行了 18 个月，在两个站（恰卢皮和奥索林诺）进行了 12 个月，这两个站位于普克泻湖。气候变化影响浮游植物的丰度和物种组成，这反过来又对食物链中的 Hg 积累和放大以及人体产生影响。陆地侵蚀或洪水等极端现象导致营养物质和有毒物质额外流入沿海地区。悬崖磨损后，生物浓缩因子（BCF）增加了近四倍。这有利于微生物的生长，以及 Hg 的积累增加。当中肋骨条藻（春季和秋季）和硅藻（冬季）在生物量中占优势时，浮游植物中 Hg 的生物浓缩率最高。然后，BCF 比一年中的其他时间高出近十倍。
