Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2019 Oct 26;21(11):1473-1479. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nty180.
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation among adolescent smokers by using a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from the inception to January 20, 2018. We included RCTs of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation among adolescent smokers aged less than 20 years. Data were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The primary outcome measures were a smoking abstinence rate and its relative risk (RR) at the longest follow-up period in each study validated by biochemical markers.
Among a total of 1035 articles searched, nine RCTs, which involved 1188 adolescent smokers aged 12-20 years with 627 in the intervention group and 561 in the control group, were included in the final analysis. In the random-effects meta-analysis of all the nine trials, pharmacotherapy showed a increased abstinence rate (RR = 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08 to 2.44, I2 = 0.0%), compared with the control group. Subgroup meta-analyses by follow-up period showed an increased abstinence rate at 4 weeks (RR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.22 to 2.87; n = 4) and a nonsignificantly increased abstinence rate during the longer term follow-up periods at 8, 12, 24, and 52 weeks.
The current meta-analysis suggests that pharmacotherapy can be considered as an aid for smoking cessation in the short-term period among adolescent smokers. However, further large RCTs are warranted to determine its long-term efficacy and safety.
In this meta-analysis of nine RCTs with 1188 adolescent smokers aged 12-20 years, pharmacotherapy showed an increased abstinence rate, compared with the control group. In the subgroup meta-analyses by follow-up period, it showed the increased abstinence rate at 4 weeks and no efficacy on abstinence during the longer term follow-up periods up to 52 weeks. Further large RCTs are warranted to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in adolescent smokers.
本研究旨在通过对随机对照试验（RCT）的荟萃分析，评估药物治疗在青少年吸烟者戒烟中的疗效。
从建库至 2018 年 1 月 20 日，我们检索了 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Cochrane Library 数据库。我们纳入了年龄小于 20 岁的青少年吸烟者使用药物治疗戒烟的 RCT。使用随机效应荟萃分析汇总数据。主要结局指标为每个研究中最长随访期通过生化标志物验证的戒烟率及其相对风险（RR）。
共检索到 1035 篇文章，最终有 9 项 RCT 纳入分析，共纳入 1188 名年龄为 12-20 岁的青少年吸烟者，其中干预组 627 名，对照组 561 名。在 9 项试验的随机效应荟萃分析中，药物治疗组的戒烟率高于对照组（RR=1.62；95%置信区间[CI]：1.08 至 2.44，I2=0.0%）。根据随访时间的亚组分析显示，4 周时戒烟率增高（RR=1.87；95%CI：1.22 至 2.87；n=4），而在 8、12、24 和 52 周时的长期随访中，戒烟率未见明显增高。
本荟萃分析表明，药物治疗可考虑作为青少年吸烟者短期戒烟的辅助手段。然而，仍需要进行大型 RCT 来确定其长期疗效和安全性。
在这项纳入 1188 名 12-20 岁青少年吸烟者的 9 项 RCT 的荟萃分析中，药物治疗组与对照组相比，戒烟率更高。根据随访时间的亚组分析显示，4 周时戒烟率增高，而在 52 周的长期随访中，戒烟率未见明显增高。仍需要进行大型 RCT 来确定药物治疗在青少年吸烟者中的长期疗效和安全性。
