Moula Nassim, Scippo Marie-Louise, Douny Caroline, Degand Guy, Dawans Edwin, Cabaraux Jean-François, Hornick Jean-Luc, Medigo Rudy C, Leroy Pascal, Francis Frederic, Detilleux Johann
Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal & Health, Animal Production Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal & Health, Food Science Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
Anim Nutr. 2018 Mar;4(1):73-78. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 26.
In poultry, feed based on maggots, like larvae of black soldier fly () is an attractive option to substitute current ingredients which are expensive and often in direct or indirect competition with human food. Little information is currently available on the utility of these larvae in poultry feed, so goals of this study were to determine whether larvae could be reared on horse manure under traditional farming conditions and to evaluate the growth performances of a local poultry fed these larvae and the fatty acids profiles of their meat. After freezing and thawing, larvae were introduced in the feed of Ardennaise chickens between 30 and 80 days of age. Birds in the control group received a commercial standard feed, while those in the treatment group received the same commercial feed in which 8% was substituted with whole fresh larvae corresponding to 2% on a dry matter basis. Means ± standard errors of larval length and weight were 20.67 ± 2.21 mm and 0.14 ± 0.02 g, respectively. Mean larval percentages of dry matter and of substances extractable in diethyl ether were 24.6% and 23.1%, respectively. Larval fatty acids profiles were predominantly composed of lauric acid (28.1%) and palmitic acid (22.0%). Least squares means of weekly weights of chicken, adjusted for the effects of sex, replication and initial weights, were significantly higher ( < 0.05) by 77.03 ± 53.37 g in larvae-fed than in control chickens. All other measurements were not statistically different between larvae-fed and control chicken, including fatty acid profiles, protein content and ω6/ω3 ratio.
在家禽养殖中，以蛆虫（如黑水虻幼虫）为基础的饲料是一种有吸引力的选择，可以替代目前价格昂贵且常常与人类食物存在直接或间接竞争的饲料成分。目前关于这些幼虫在家禽饲料中的效用信息很少，因此本研究的目的是确定在传统养殖条件下能否用马粪饲养幼虫，并评估饲喂这些幼虫的本地家禽的生长性能及其肉中的脂肪酸谱。冷冻和解冻后，在30至80日龄的阿登纳鸡饲料中添加幼虫。对照组的鸡饲喂商业标准饲料，而处理组的鸡饲喂相同的商业饲料，其中8%被新鲜的完整幼虫替代，以干物质计相当于2%。幼虫长度和重量的平均值±标准误分别为20.67±2.21毫米和0.14±0.02克。幼虫干物质和可在乙醚中提取的物质的平均百分比分别为24.6%和23.1%。幼虫脂肪酸谱主要由月桂酸（28.1%）和棕榈酸（22.0%）组成。在考虑性别、重复和初始体重影响后，经校正的饲喂幼虫的鸡每周体重的最小二乘均值比对照鸡显著高（P<0.05）77.03±53.37克。在饲喂幼虫的鸡和对照鸡之间，所有其他测量指标均无统计学差异，包括脂肪酸谱、蛋白质含量和ω6/ω3比值。
